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America’s foreign policy shifts from isolationism to expansionism. American businesses invested over $100 million in Cuban sugar, rice and tobacco plantations. Cuban revolutionaries, like Jose Marti, begin publishing anti-Spanish propaganda like the pamphlet Cuba Libre! and attacking American plantations in hopes of gaining American sympathy in their efforts. Spain sends General Weyler to squash the Cuban revolutionaries. He begins sending revolution supporters to concentration camps within Cuba. The escalation of violence in Cuba concerns Americans and leads to economic fears over trade and fears for American plantation owners in Cuba. The United States sends the USS Maine to patrol Havana Harbor. The USS Maine “blows up” and kills over 200 Americans on board. Newspapers run by Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst begin using yellow journalism, or sensationalizing the news, to encourage Americans to feel anger towards Spain. Americans declare war on Spain. George Dewey leads American forces into Spanish owned Philippines while Teddy Roosevelt and his Rough Riders lead American forces into Spanish territories in the Caribbean. Revolutionaries in the Philippines (like Emilio Aguinaldo) and in Cuba help Americans fight the Spanish. Battles occur at Manilla Bay in the Philippines and San Juan Hill in Puerto Rico. The United States and Spain agree to an armistice, or cease fire. The United States and Spain sign a treaty which gives the United States control of Puerto Rico, Guam, and Cuba. The United States also agrees to pay $20 million for control of the Philippines. The Platt Amendment officially gives the United States control over Cuban affairs. The Foraker Act gives Puerto Rico limited authority over their own government.