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This toxin causes “bathtub refinisher’s lung” and is the largest recognized cause of occupational asthma Toluene di-isocyanate (TDI) This pesticide is best known for its toxicity involving male sterility Dibromochloropropane ((DBCP) Re: “Da Balls Can’t Produce” Which solvent is associated with “degreaser’s flush” and trigeminal neuralgia? Trichloroethylene This intoxicant is a NTE inhibitor resulting in a sensory-motor neuropathy. It is linked to large outbreak of cases in 1960 Morocco but better known for its link to Ginger Jake Triorthocresyl phosphate (TOCP) What is the leading cause of lung cancer behind tobacco smoke? Radon What chemical has the smell of freshly mowed hay? Phosgene Name a metal that results in non-fibrogenic benign pneumoconiosis with exposure Tin (Stannosis) Barium (Baritosis) Iron (siderosis) Calcium (Chalitosis) Molybdenum What chemical was this worker using that resulted in his acroosteolysis Vinyl chloride What is the most common medication associated with hypersensitivity pneumonitis Nitrofurantoin Name the mushroom responsible for muscle weakness 24-72 hrs after ingestion with massive CPK elevations. And a 25% mortality to boot! Tricholoma equestre What maternal chemical exposure may result in mental retardation and “cola-colored” discoloration at birth? PCBs (remember Pepsi-Colored Babies) Natural Log (ln) Drug Concentration Drug Concentration Name the order of elimination Time (hrs) Time (hrs) st 1 Order Elimination Which metal is radiolucent on plain film radiograph? Copper Name the structure Succimer (DMSA) What chemical uses urine hippuric acid for biological monitoring during worker exposure? Toluene What is the only organic phosphorus pesticide that possesses a significant vapor hazard (i.e., has a high vapor pressure)? Dichlorvos Which natural toxin is responsible for amnestic shellfish poisoning? Domoic acid (think Dumb-oic acid) What is reported to be the most fatal plant species in North America (30-70% fatality rate)? Water Hemlock Water Gate Candidate Scandal (Water hemlock, GABA, Cicutoxin, Seizures) What part of the action potential does this plant’s toxin effect? Nerium oleander Digitalis – cardiac steroid Increases resting potential and effects phase 4 of the cardiac cycle = increases automaticity What is the only form of poisoning caused by bacterial contamination of the food? Scombroid (Histamine poisoning) Scombroid (Histamine poisoning) Name the plant responsible for St. Anthony’s Fire and ergotism Claviceps purpurea Name the term for the following definition: “The maximum concentration of a chemical to which workers may be exposed continuously for up to 15 minutes without danger to health or work efficiency and safety” STEL (Short-term exposure limit) Which sulfonylurea is associated with SIADH and disulfiram reactions? Chlorpropramide Which antidysrhythmic has antimuscarinic properties and causes hypoglycemia in overdose? Disopyramide Name two intoxicants (there are at least 4) that produce metaphyseal bands on plainfilm x-ray. Lead (lead lines) Yellow phosphorus Bismuth Hyervitaminosis D Name two (there are at least 5) medications linked to lupuslike syndrome CHIMP Chlorpropramide Hydralazine Isoniazid Methyldopa Procainamide Which plant species is an inducer of CYP3A4 isozyme? St. John’s Wart (Hypericum perforatum) Most common cause of medication-induced contact dermatitis Neomycin What is the biomarker for benzene exposure in workers? Urine phenol Name this plant. Bonus point for the mechanism of the toxin Aconitum napellus Toxin = Aconite Na-channel opener What is the only medicationinduced seizure that would likely respond to phenytoin? Aminopyridine Name one toxin or xenobiotic (there are 3) that causes biventricular ventricular tachycardia in toxicity. Extra point if you can name two. Cardiac steroids (#1) Aconitine Halogenated hydrocarbons Name the antidote for the following plaint poisoning Physostigmine Datura stramonium Jimson weed, “Jamestown weed”, Devil’s apple, thronapple, locoweed Contains tropane alkaloids atropine, hyoscyamine, scopolamine Which NSAID is linked to aplastic anemia? Phenylbutazone Name the alkylating agent that causes hemorrhagic cystitis and has MESNA as the antidote. Cyclophosphamide Name as many xenobiotics or chemicals for which urine alkalinization (ion trapping) enhances drug elimination Point for each Salicylates Phenobarbital Methotrexate Chlropropramide Chlrophenoxy herbicides Fluoride Name the structure Morphine Name the most lethal cnidaria, (linked to death in minutes) Carukia barnesi Box jellyfish What chemical is associated with Silo Filler’s Disease? Nitric oxides (NO, NO2) Name as many basal ganglia toxins as you can Point for each (up to 4 points) Carbon disulfide Carbon monoxide Manganese Methanol What is the remediation level for home radon set by the EPA? 4 pc/L What is the OSHA permissible exposure limit (PEL) for benzene? 1 ppm Name four poisonings for which vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) could be used as an antidote. Point for each up to 4 points Isoniazid Gyromitra esculenta Hydrazines Ethylene glycol Name this mushroom responsible for delayed renal failure. Bonus point for the toxin. Cortinarius orellanus “False Chanterelle” Orelline, orellanine Name two plants that contain colchicine Colchicum autumnale Gloriosa superba Name a commonly used anticonvulsant (there are two) that binds to the same site as batrachotoxin from the poison dart frog (Phyllobates ssp.) Phenytoin Carbamazepine Name two animals that contain tetrodotoxin Puffer fish Blue-ringed octopus Toads of the genus Atelopus Newts (rough-skinned, California) Horseshoe crab Name the chemical implicated in neonatal gasping syndrome. Bonus point for the year it occurred. Benzyl alcohol 1982 Which nerve agent has the shortest aging half-life? Soman Agent – Sarin – Soman – Tabun – VX Odor GB GD GA VX None Fruity Almonds None Aging t½ 5 hrs 2 min > 40 hrs < 40 hrs Which antibiotic is associated with the development of serotonin syndrome? Linezolid