Download Exploring Carbohydrates

Exploring Carbohydrates
The Three Major Food Types
The three major food types are:
1. Carbohydrates
2. Proteins
3. Fats
Why do we need different food types?
• The body needs different amounts of each of
the three food types for energy, growth and
repair.
Other Nutrients
• Along with carbohydrates, fats and proteins,
the body also needs nutrients from vitamins,
minerals and water.
Carbohydrates
• Carbohydrates are a major source of energy
for the body.
• They occur in two main forms:
A. Sugars
B. Starches
Types of Sugars
Monosaccharide: Glucose, Fructose,
Galactose
Commonly known as simple sugars
Only glucose can be immediately used by
body, the others have to be digested before
they can be used for energy
Disaccharides: Maltose, Sucrose, Lactose
How can you test for the presence of
sugar in foods?
• To test for the presence of sugar in foods, we
will use a chemical called Benedicts Solution.
No sugar: Benedicts solution remains light
blue.
Sugar: Benedicts solution will turn anywhere
in color from a light green to a deep red,
depending on concentration
How can you test for the presence of
Starches?
To test for the presence of starch, we will use
Lugol solution.
If starch is present, Lugol solution will turn a
dark blue or black
Starches
Starches are also known as polysaccharides.
These are long chains of sugars, chemically
bonded. They are found in legumes, grains,
and root vegetables. They must be broken
down into simple sugars before they can be
absorbed and used by the body.
Assignment
Read the article, “Nutrients: You Can’t Just Live
Without Them. Pages 20 – 22.
Get 7 pieces of paper and fold them in half, book
style.
Label the outside “The Six Major Nutrients”.
At the top of each individual page, put one of
the six major nutrients. Your pages should be
labeled as follows:
Assignment
Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
Assignment
For each of the six major nutrients, record the
following information:
1. What does the body use the nutrient for?
Make sure to list ALL the ways the nutrient is used.
2. List at least three major foods you would get that
nutrient from. For water, tell some natural
resources for water.
3. Record any other important facts from the article
about the nutrient.
EXAMPLE: Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are used for fuel.
There are two kinds of carbohydrates, sugars
and starches.
Sugars are in a more simple form than starches.
The simple sugar, glucose, is the body’s first
choice for fuel
Starches are complex carbohydrates and can’t
be immediately used by the body.
EXAMPLE: Carbohydrates
• Carbohydrates are found in foods like pasta,
bread or rice.
• When your body takes in too many starches, it
is stored in your muscles and liver, as a
substance called glycogen.
• Extra sugar is turned into fat, which is also
stored.
Example: Carbohydrates
Another important carbohydrate is fiber. Fiber
can’t be digested, but it is important because
it provides bulk that helps move food through
the intestines. Fiber is found in fruits, whole
grain breads and cereals and in a plant’s cell
walls.