Download What is energy?

What is energy?
• “the ability to do work or cause
change”
• The combination of energy and matter
make up the universe:
• Matter is substance, and energy is the
mover of that substance.
What is the source of our energy?
• The source of
practically all our
energy is the Sun.
How long can our energy
supplies last ???
• Renewable resources: have to be replenished
continually.
• Example- hydroelectric power from dams.
Great source…as long as it rains enough to
keep the rivers and lakes full. What might
happen during a drought?
Non-Renewable Resources
• Both fossil fuels & nuclear energy are nonrenewable resources.
• Fossil fuels take millions of years to produce and
we are using them up at an alarming rate. This
results in short supplies, high demands and
higher prices.
• Nuclear fuel comes from Uranium, an element
found in the Earth’s crust, and produces a
radioactive waste product.
Non- Renewable Energy Resources
(Pros & Cons)
• Pros- Fossil Fuels:
• Coal, oil, natural gas
• Current industry and
transportation
standards are set up to
run on these types of
energy sources.
• Employs millions of
people worldwide.
• Relatively inexpensive
energy source.
• Cons- Fossil Fuels:
• Non-renewable
resource.
• Pollutants released
cause acid rain,global
warming and
respiratory illnesses.
• Cost to change over to
other sources of
energy would hurt
world economy.
Alternative Energy Sources
(Inexhaustible)
• Solar Energy- use photovoltaic cells to convert
light energy into electrical energy.
• Geothermal Energy- Use the heat deep within
the earth to heat our homes and to produce
steam to run power plants.
• Tidal Energy- Use contained tide water to turn
turbines in power plants near oceans.
• Wind Energy - use the power of the wind to turn
wind turbines to generate electricity.
The Law of Conservation of
Energy
• Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it
may be transformed from one form into
another, but the total amount of energy
never changes.
How is all energy divided?
2 Types:
All Energy
Potential
Energy
Gravitational
Elastic & Chemical
Potential
Energy
Kinetic
Energy
Translational
Rotational &
Vibrational
Kinetic
Energy
Potential
Kinetic
• energy of position
or energy in
storage.
• Water behind a
dam
• Hammer over head
• Food on the plate
• energy of motion,
the form capable
of doing work
• Flowing water
• A falling hammer
• Electrons flowing
through a wire
The Law of Conservation of Energy
• Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it may be
transformed from one form into another, but the
total amount of energy never changes.
Energy is
nature’s way of keeping score.
We sense energy only
when the score
changes,
either a transformation
from one form of
energy to another,
or a transfer of energy
from one point to
another.
7 fundamental forms of energy
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Mechanical Energy
Radiant Energy (Light/Electromagnetic)
Sound Energy
Chemical Energy
Heat/Thermal Energy
Electrical Energy
Nuclear Energy
The 7 Forms of Energy Preview
• https://youtu.be/MZWICeFsNy0
• Pay close attention to each of the
following forms of energy discussed in the
video!
What is Mechanical Energy?
oTotal P.E and K.E in a
system
The bowling ball has
mechanical energy.
When the ball strikes
the pins, mechanical
energy is transferred
to the pins!
Examples of Mechanical Energy
What is Electromagnetic
Energy? (Radiant)
o Light energy
o Includes energy from
gamma rays, x-rays,
ultraviolet rays, visible
light, infrared rays,
microwave and radio
bands
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
and YOU!!!
• http://missionscience.nasa.gov/ems/emsVideo_01intro.html
As you watch this video clip on the
electromagnetic spectrum, make a list of
things in our everyday lives that produce
electromagnetic radiation. You will be
asked to share your list after the video.
Electromagnetic Spectrum
What is Sound Energy?
• Sound energy is a form of energy that is
associated with vibrations of matter. It is a type
of mechanical wave which means it requires an
object to travel through. This object includes air
and water. Sound originates from the vibrations
that result after an object applies a force to
another object.
Sound Energy Sources include:
• Voices
• Musical Instruments
• Noises
• https://academo.org/demos/spectrumanalyzer/
What is Chemical Energy?
o Energy that is
available for release
from chemical
reactions.
The chemical bonds
in a matchstick store
energy that is
transformed into
thermal energy
when the match is
struck.
What is Chemical Potential Energy?
o Potential energy stored
within the chemical bonds
of an object
Examples of Chemical Energy
What is Thermal Energy?
o Total potenial and kinetic of
atoms and molecules in matter.
A hot object is one whose atoms
and molecules are excited and
show rapid movement.
A cooler object's molecules and
atoms will show less movement.
The more of a substance you have,
the more Thermal Energy it will
have.
What is Electrical Energy?
o Energy caused by
the movement of
electrons
o Easily transported
through power lines
and converted into
other forms of
energy
Nuclear Energy
• Nuclear power is the use of nuclear reactions
that release nuclear energy to generate heat,
which most frequently is then used in steam
turbines to produce electricity in a nuclear
power plant. The term nuclear energy
includes nuclear fission, nuclear decay
and nuclear fusion.
QUIZ TIME!
What type of energy
cooks food in a
microwave oven?
ELECTROMAGNETIC
ENERGY
What type of energy is
the spinning plate
inside of a microwave
oven?
MECHANICAL ENERGY
QUIZ TIME! Electrical energy is
transported to your
house through power
lines.
When you plug an electric
fan to a power outlet,
electrical energy is
transform into what type
of energy?
MECHANICAL ENERGY
QUIZ TIME!
What energy
transformation occurs
when an electric lamp is
turned on?
ELECTRICAL ENERGY

ELECTROMAGNETIC
ENERGY
What types of energy are shown below?
Mechanical and Thermal Energy
(Don’t forget friction)
What type of energy is shown below?
Chemical Energy
What types of energy are shown below?
Electrical, Mechanical and
Electromagnetic Energy
What type of energy is shown below?
Chemical Energy (yummy)
What type of energy is shown below?
Thermal Energy
What types of energy are shown below?
Mechanical, Electromagnetic,
Electrical, Chemical and Thermal
Energy