Download Changing/Conflicting Attitudes

Changing/Conflicting Attitudes
p. 210
More Change
• As societies changed, individual and
group attitudes and values changed.
• Traditional ideas were challenged and
some dropped.
• Fads and trendy ideas, were tried.
Cult of domesticity: *
• the ideal woman was the woman who stayed in
and managed the home.
• Modeled in songs, novels, magazines, slogans
“home, sweet home!”
• Middle and upper class practice.
Temperance Movement
• Effort led mostly by American women for a
national ban of drinking alcohol.
• EC: Reasons (2)
• Male drunken violence against women and
children
• Loss of family income and jobs due to
drunkenness.
Elizabeth Cady Stanton:
• in mid 1840s, Susan B. Anthony, Lucretia Mott,
and she were leaders in
– the movement to abolish US slavery
– the gaining of women’s rights.
Women’s suffrage:
• movement to gain right to vote for women
• US: Seneca Falls Convention—women and
men declare effort to gain women’s suffrage.
• Similar movements sprang up in Britain and part
of Europe.
Sojourner Truth:
• African-American woman who spoke out against
– mistreatment of Blacks in America
• also was a proponent of women’s suffrage.
John Dalton:
• English Quaker school teacher who
expanded ancient Greek ideas about
the atom.
• He is considered the pioneer of the
atomic theory:
• All matter is composed of atoms.
• After his work physicists and chemists
pointed their attention at identifying
atoms.
Charles Darwin:
• British naturalist (biologist).
• 1830s, set sail on a governmentsponsored scientific voyage around
the world.
• In 1859, he published his ideas:
–All forms of life, including humans,
had evolved (changed slowly over
time) into their present state.
Charles Darwin:
• EC: Adaptation was based on (3)
– speed,
– strength, and/or
– intelligence
• What is the idea behind Darwin’s
statement, “survival of the fittest” (2)
– The fittest live on for generations
– They often determine if the weaker survive or not.
EC: Social Darwinism* (4)
• Is NOT a teaching of Charles Darwin
• Using Darwin’s theories, racists explained
why certain people were better, superior to
others.
– Used “scientific” study and “evidence” to
prove it.
– Most of the data was manipulated, racist,
exaggerated, and or false.
Racism:
• belief that one race is superior to
another…..often based on unscientific or
manipulated scientific evidence or theory.
• “Whites” will use racism to justify taking
over lands owned by non-Whites and
subjugating the non-Whites to work for
them and buy their products
– imperialism.
Social gospel:
• Western Christian movement aimed at social
work to improve the lives of those in need, even
non-Westerners
• EC: Western Christian movement efforts
included: (6)
– Labor unions
– Political parties—promoting reforms in:
• Housing
• Healthcare
• Education
– Charities to help poor and sick
– Schools
– Hospitals
End hwk
• Begin classwork
Standards Check, p. 211
• How had the social order changed by the
late 1800s?
• Three distinct classes:
– Upper
– Middle
– Lower
Infographic, p. 211
• Questions:
• 1 How do these images reflect a cult of domesticity?
• Show only acceptable activities for women were in the home.
• 2 Compare and Contrast the women in these two
images.
• Similar:
– Women are performing domestic activities
• Different:
– Women shown entertaining and doing everyday chore.
Primary Source, p. 212
• She believes that an well-rounded
education would
• prepare women for the unexpected
• make them more independent.
Standards Check, p. 212
• What were the arguments against
women’s suffrage?
• Women were too emotional to vote;
• should be protected from politics;
• belonged at home, not in public
Standards Check, p. 213
• Why did more children attend school in the
late 1800s than before?
• Fewer children needed in farms or shops;
• Middle class families could send kids to
school.
Image, p. 213
• How does this photo illustrate the changes
that had taken place in the British
educational system?
• Girls also being taught science
• Bright, supplied classroom
EC: CHEMISTRY
• a Russian chemist, organized
what was being learned about
atoms, into the “periodic table of
elements”.
–It has grown much larger since he
started it.
–Dmitri Mendeleev,
Geology—Earth Science
• EC: ____________ suggested that
the Earth was over a million years
old.
• Charles Lyell
• Later research suggested the Earth
was over two billion years old, but
that life was much shorter than that.
Creationism vs. Science
• These ideas conflicted
– EC: accepted religious explanations that Earth is only
a few thousand years since creation by God…..
– “Creation Theory”; “Intelligent Design”
• Discoveries by anthropologists of prehistoric
human bones and cave homes in Neanderthal,
in Germany, older than the religious teaching,
spurred more research into the origins of human
beings.
• Tied with Darwin’s ideas, the scientific
explanation is called,
– “Evolution Theory”
Charles Darwin:
• He backed up the evolution theory with the
idea of _________________
• “natural selection”
– Life forms compete with each other for
survival
– Environment affected survival ability
depending on the life forms ability to
adapt (change)
– Successful life forms passed on the new
“traits” to their offspring.
Infographic, p. 215
• 1 How did Darwin’s voyage help him develop his theory
of natural selection?
• Travel let him study different varieties,
• This gave him ideas about survival and evolution.
• 2 Why would the isolation of Galapagos islands attract
scientists such as Darwin?
• The isolated species on the Galapagos had to adapt to
the environment.
• The Islands were a natural laboratory.
Standards Check, p. 216
• How did science begin to challenge
existing beliefs in the late 1800s?
• Research of Lyell and Darwin challenged
traditional and Biblical views.
Standards Check, p. 216
• How did religious groups respond to the
challenges of Industrialization?
• They worked for reform and social
services
Quick Write
• Why would religion be against so many of
the new scientific ideas during this age?