* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download The Prophet Muhammad
War against Islam wikipedia , lookup
International reactions to Fitna wikipedia , lookup
Imamate (Twelver doctrine) wikipedia , lookup
Criticism of Islamism wikipedia , lookup
Islam and violence wikipedia , lookup
Political aspects of Islam wikipedia , lookup
Imamah (Shia) wikipedia , lookup
Criticism of Twelver Shia Islam wikipedia , lookup
Islam and Sikhism wikipedia , lookup
Sources of sharia wikipedia , lookup
Islamic culture wikipedia , lookup
Islam and Mormonism wikipedia , lookup
Islamic–Jewish relations wikipedia , lookup
Succession to Muhammad wikipedia , lookup
Muhammad in Islam wikipedia , lookup
Islam and war wikipedia , lookup
The Jewel of Medina wikipedia , lookup
Violence in the Quran wikipedia , lookup
Schools of Islamic theology wikipedia , lookup
Soviet Orientalist studies in Islam wikipedia , lookup
Islamic schools and branches wikipedia , lookup
Muhammad and the Bible wikipedia , lookup
Morality in Islam wikipedia , lookup
Satanic Verses wikipedia , lookup
Islam and other religions wikipedia , lookup
The Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him) Arabia before Muhammad Arabs Mecca •important trade stop and religious center of Arabia •people settle there because of the fresh water well •location of Kabba (shrine with 300 religious idols) •majority of Arabia’s first inhabitants were Bedouins •Biblical tradition: Arabs are Semites (descendants of Noah’s son •Koran tradition: Arabs are descendants of Abraham’s son Ishmael •Valued camels above all else •no strong central government Quraysh •powerful local tribe of Arabs •Encouraged Tribes to deposit idols in the Kabba and protect them for a fee Cartoon Muhammad’s call to Prophethood Muhammed’s Early Life •born into Hashim family of the powerful Quraysh tribe sometime between AD 570 and 580 •angels told mother, Amina, to name child Muhammad (highly praised) •father died before birth, mother @ 4 •raised by Uncle, Abu Talib •as a young man, he worked for a wealthy widow Khadija •married Khadija and had 7 children only one daughter Fatima survived •had reputation as a seeker of solitude Spreading the word of Allah Muhammad’s Teachings •Major points of Muhammad’s public teachings 1. There was only one God (Allah) and all should submit to him 2. all believers in God were equal 3. the rich should share with the poor 4. people should live righteously 5. all people would be subjected to a Judgement Day Miracles •passed through the seven levels of heaven in the “Night Journey” •brought forth a spring in Mecca Disagreements •wanted to abolish idolatry yet most people of Mecca did not •critical of wealthy merchants who controlled most of the money and power in Mecca Protection for Prophet •he was able to remain in Mecca because of his powerful and respected family Cartoon Emigration to Madinah The Hijrah •Muhammed left after death of wife and Abu Talib •Traveled to oasis city of Yathrib •this journey marks the the beginning of Islam and the Muslim calendar Conflict in Medina Muhammad’s Welcome •Prophet was welcomed by Jews and Arabs of Yathrib •both groups hoped Muhammad could prevent a civil was from breaking out •renamed Yathrib - Medina •believers in Islam began to call themselves Muslims (those who submit to the will of God) Cartoon •Muhammad hoped Islam could win new converts •some Jewish leaders did not accept Muhammad as God’s latest prophet •Jews, who opposed Muhammad were expelled from Medina •at first Muhammad told Muslims to pray in the direction of Jerusalem but later changed it to the Kabba in Mecca Return to Mecca Muhammed’s army As more people though accepted Islam, the tremedsously Quraysh became Battle of Badr outnumbered, won hostile toward the Battle of Badr Muslims Outcomes of the Battle of Badr •more battles were fought in the years that followed the Battle of Badr •Medina taken over by angry Meccan’s •AD 630 Muhammad and supporters capture Mecca •idols and other pagan relics are destroyed and the Kabba rededicated to Allah •632 Muhammad makes his last journey to Mecca - called the hajj •every detail of his actions on the event were noted and imitated by his disciples •the rites and ceremonies of the hajj became standard practice for all Muslims Cartoon Islam as a Way of LIfe The Five Pillars of Faith Shahada Salat Daily Profession Worship of faith There is Five times only one a day; God guided by (Allah) and a precise Muhammad set is his of rituals prophet Zakat Sawm Almsgiving Fast 2 1/2 % of a Muslims income or 1/40 of all they possess annually From sunrise to sunset during the holy time of Ramadan Hajj Pilgrimage to Mecca undertaken once in a lifetime; reminder of equality between all Muslims