Download Organ Systems of the Body

Organ Systems

Organ – specialized tissues that work to
perform a more complex function

System – group of organs that work to
perform a more complex function

11 major organ systems of the body
Integumentary





Crucial to survival
Primary function – protection
Skin I s largest organ in system (20lbs)
Accessory organs – nails, hair
Includes glands
Skeletal





206 bones
Includes cartilage and ligaments
Function: support and protection
Bones store essential minerals
Formation of blood cells in bone marrow
muscular





Skeletal muscles – voluntary, contraction
Smooth – visceral – involuntary
Cardiac – involuntary – heart
Function: produce movement, maintain body
posture
Generates heat
Nervous

Brain, spinal cord, nerves

Function: communication, integration, and
control of body functions
Endocrine

Composed of specialized glands that secrete
chemicals (hormones)

Function – communication (slow but long lasting)

Organs include pituitary gland, pineal gland,
hypothalmus, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal,
pancreas and ovaries/testes
Circulatory

Heart and vessels

Closed system of arteries, veins and
capillaries.

Function- transportation (oxygen, carbon
dioxide, nutrients and hormones)
Lymphatic




Lymph nodes and vessels
Lymph tissue
Organs – tonsils, thymus, spleen
Function – movement of fluids and
molecules, immune system
Respiratory

Organs – nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea,
bronchi, lungs

Function: permit movement of air
Digestive



Function: proper digestion and absorption of
nutrients
Organs: mouth – pharynx- esophagusstomach- small intestine – large intestine,
rectum- anal canal
Accessory organs – teeth, salivary glands,
tongue, liver, gall bladder, pancreas,
appendix
Urinary

Waste product is urine

Kidney – ureter- bladder – urethra

Filter
Reproductive



Survival of species, produce hormones
Male – Testis - produce, transfer and
introduce sperm to female
Female – ovaries – produce eggs
Organ replacement



Loss of vital organs – life threatening
Loss of non-vital organs – can live without
Options for loss of organs

Artificial organs


Organ transplantation


Kidney, pancreas, heart, lungs, Small intestines
Free-flap surgery


prosthesis
tissues from body remodeled and grafted to new part of body
Stem cell treatment

Growing new tissues or organs
Organ donation

http://www.organdonor.gov/