Download What was the role or impact of European expansion into Africa?

The Race for Africa
What To Consider
What was the role or impact of European
expansion into Africa?
•
or the larger essential theme to consider
man to man - his influence and the
change created
Examine Colonization in Africa
You will each be assigned one of 6 groups.
Each group will be assigned a number of
occupation inches - you’ll find it all on the
rule sheet.
Each group will discuss what areas they
would like to claim and why
Then the “claiming” will begin
Consider
What did you notice about the two maps?
Why did certain countries take the areas they
took?
How did you choose your land?
What enabled some countries to take more land
than others did?
Now that you see how Africa has been divided,
how does your country feel about your own gains
and towards other countries?
Notes on Colonization of Africa
It is called imperialism - the policy of
extending the rule or authority of an
empire or nation over foreign countries, or
of acquiring and holding colonies and
dependencies.
Notes on Colonization of Africa
Forms of Imperialism
colonies - states controlled by stronger
nation
protectorates- strong state has a relationship
with smaller/weaker state and provides form
of protection
spheres of influence -A territorial area over
which political or economic influence is
wielded by one nation.
Race for Africa
“Scramble for Africa” - race among
European nations to seize parts of the
continent.
By 1914 Europeans had carved up the
whole continent with only Ethiopia and
Liberia independent
Why Africa?
Europeans viewed Africa like they viewed
any other parts of the less developed world
a source of ivory, copper, and other
resources/raw materials
a market for European goods
bring Christianity to Africa
end slavery?
Who Where the First Europeans
in Africa?
Explorers then missionaries then
merchants and settlers
Africans resisted these groups
Europeans asked their home countries for
military protection
Europeans built forts - Africans could not
rid themselves of these foreigners
Division of Africa
1880s European nations quarreling over
territory in Africa
1884 German chancellor (you know....!)
Otto von Bismarck called for conference
in Berlin, Germany to partition - or divide
- African continent by formal treaty
Division of Africa
Germany and Great Britain agreed on
division of East Africa.
King Leopold of Belgium personally took
over central Africa
Portugal got territory
France got territory (Algeriers)
Colonial Rule
How to rule? Two ways
direct
indirect
Colonial Rule
British favored indirect rule - ruled through
existing rulers and local officials
Believed it woudl be easier to maintain law
and order if used local people and it they were
allowed to keep some of their local customs
British officials made all the decisions while
local African officials carried them out
Colonial Rule
French favored direct rule - gov’t in France
appointed a governor for each colony.
The highest level of officials were appointed
French officials. Lower level officials were
local Africans
the French wanted to assimilate their African
subjects
introduced Fr. culture and politics into the
local systems
Educated Elite
European colonies in Africa encouraged
the local wealthy families to send their
children to Europe to be educated
They would be more exposed to and
perhaps accept Western culture
Educated Elite
They learned about Western ideas such as
freedom and democracy
Yet Western rulers refused to extend those
rights to local people in Africa
1900 groups of nationalists working for
independence from European imperialist
rule
Rebellions
1885 Sudan. Muhammad Ahmad al-Mahdi
defeated British forces. After 13 years of
fighting the British took back over.
West Africa - Asante fought the British and lost.
1905 East Africa - Maji-Maji rebelled against
Germans but lost.
Each time it is the superior weapons of the
Europeans that end African defiance
So Why?
Why were the Europeans able to carve up
Africa so easily?