Download AP Exam Review Questions

AP Exam Review Questions
Sig Figs
9.01 x 2.3 =
• Ans: 21
• The measurement with the smallest
number of sig figs determines how many
digits are allowed in the final answer.
Sig Figs
5.5 + 4.227 =
• Ans: 9.7
• The number of sig figs allowed depends
on the number with the largest uncertainty.
Equilibrium
• If pressure increases, which way does the
system shift to reestablish equilibrium?
• N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ↔ 2NH3 (g)
• Reduce the pressure by shifting to the side
with the fewer number of moles.
Equilibrium
• Which of the following will change the
value of the equilibrium constant?
• Concentration, Pressure, Temperature
• Ans: only temperature
• If the temperature of the reaction mixture
is increased, which way would the system
shift to relieve the stress?
N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ↔ 2NH3 (g) + heat
Ans: The reaction would shift to the left to
reduce the heat.
Lewis Base
• Is a Lewis base an electron pair acceptor
or electron pair donor?
• Ans: electron pair donors
Strong Acids
• Which of the following is NOT a strong
acid? HF, HCl, HBr
• Ans: HF
Acids
• If Ka is a large value, does the reaction
favor formation of the reactants or the
products ?
• Ans: products
Titration
• The ___________ is that point in the
titration where the number of moles of H+
in the acid solution has been exactly
neutralized with the same number of
moles of OH-.
• Ans: equivalence point
Titration
• When titrating an acid with a base, will the
pH increase or decrease?
• Ans: increase
Quantum Numbers
• In your own words, what do each of the
quantum numbers (n, l, ml , ms) represent?
• Ans:
Quantum Numbers
• What are the quantum numbers for
Silicon?
• Ans: n = 3, l = 1, ml = 0, ms = +½
Quantum Numbers
• What are the quantum numbers for
Aluminum?
• Ans: n = 3, l = 1, ml = -1, ms = +½
Quantum Numbers
• What are the quantum numbers for
Calcium?
• Ans: n = 4, l = 0, ml = 0, ms = -½
Atomic Structure
• What are the 3 subatomic particles?
• Ans: proton, electron, neutron
Atomic Structure
• Which vocab term means a substance that
has unpaired electrons?
• Paramagnetic or Diamagnetic
• Ans: paramagnetic
Atomic Structure
• How many non-bonding pairs of electrons
does ammonia have?
• Ans: one
Atomic Structure
• What is the vocab term used to describe
several Lewis dot structures for a
substance that are equivalent (including
formal charge)?
• Ans: resonance structures
Solubility
• Apply the solubility rules to the following
product PbI2 . Would this product be
soluble or insoluble?
• Ans: insoluble
Solubility
• Apply the solubility rules to the following
product Na3PO4 . Would this product be
soluble or insoluble?
• Ans: soluble
Thermo
• If ∆G is positive, is the reaction
spontaneous or non-spontaneous?
• Ans: non-spontaneous
Thermo
• If ∆H is >0, is the reaction endo or
exothermic?
• Ans: endothermic
Thermo
• Is a ∆H is <0 associated with a spontaneous
or non-spontaneous reaction?
• Ans: exothermic
Stoichiometry
• This type of formula represents the
simplest whole-number ratio of elements
in a compound?
• Ans: empirical formula
Stoichiometry
• A sample of gas was analyzed and found
to contain 2.34 g of nitrogen (N) and 5.34
g of oxygen (O). The molar mass of the
gas was determined to be about 90
g/mole. What are the empirical and
molecular formulas of this gas?
• Ans: empirical is NO2 , molecular is N2O4
Stoichiometry
• What is the formula for percent yield?
• Ans:
• % yield = actual yield/theoretical yield x100%
Solutions
• What is the chemical equation used to
calculate molarity?
• Ans: molarity = moles solute/liters of solution
Solutions
• What is the dilution equation?
• Ans: M1V1 = M2V2
Solutions
• Calculate the volume of a stock 6.00M HCl
solution needed to make 1.00L of a 0.100M
HCl solution?
• Ans: 16.6 ml of the stock solution must be
used
Solutions
• How many milliliters of distilled water must
be added to 100 ml of 0.250 M KCl to
prepare a 0.100 M KCl solution?
• Ans: V2 = 250 ml then you must subtract 100
ml (the initial volume of KCl) because it takes
up space in the flask, therefore the answer is
volume of water = 150 ml