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Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration The process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen. Purpose is to produce energy! Stages of Aerobic Respiration Aerobic: OXYGEN IS PRESENT 1. Glycolysis: the process in which one molecule of glucose is broken in half, producing two molecules of pyruvic acid, a 3carbon compound. 2. Kreb’s Cycle/Citric Acid Cycle: pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions. 3. Electron Transport Chain: uses the high energy electrons of the Kreb’s Cycle to convert ADP to ATP. Produces the most ATP (energy) of any stage! Chemical Equation Copy in notes! Stages of Anaerobic Respiration Anaerobic: NO OXYGEN IS PRESENT After glycolysis, goes to fermentation. Fermentation Releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP in the absence of oxygen. Alcoholic fermentation: used by yeasts and other microorganisms forming ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide. Used to produce alcoholic beverages. The CO2 released causes bread dough to rise. Lactic Acid fermentation: regenerates NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue. Produced in muscles during rapid exercise when body is lacking oxygen Cause of muscle soreness. Comparing/Contrasting Anaerobic and Aerobic Respiration Aerobic Anaerobic Requires oxygen Does NOT require oxygen Generates many ATP Leads to the Kreb’s cycle after glycolysis Generates few ATP Leads to fermentation after glycolysis Energy Totals Both plants and animals carry out the final stages of cellular respiration in the mitochondria. Copy the flow chart below. Notice that 36 ATP are produced!!! Comparing/Contrasting Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis Respiration Occurs in plants Occurs in plants and animals Takes place in the chloroplast Takes place in the mitochondria Reactants: sunlight, water, carbon dioxide Reactants: oxygen and glucose (sugar) Products: oxygen and glucose (sugar) Products: water and carbon dioxide Reverse Reactions Reverse Reactions Generates a few ATP Generates several ATP Purpose: to make sugar Purpose: to convert food to energy 6H2O + 6CO2 + light C6H12O6 + 6O2 C6H12O6+ 6O26H2O +6CO2