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Translation Worksheet
See pgs 120-123 BC Bio Name_______________________________
Fill in the Blanks: __________________________1. __________________________2. __________________________3. __________________________4. __________________________5. __________________________6. __________________________7. __________________________8. __________________________9. The synthesis of proteins is called ___1___. In what part of the cell does translation occur? In what part of the cell are proteins made? The instructions for making proteins are contained in the ___4___. These instructions are carried out to the cytoplasm by ____5____. What are the building blocks of proteins? Changes in the genetic material of a cell are called ___7___. A sequence of three nitrogen bases that is the code for one amino acid. What name is given to three nitrogen bases at one end of a tRNA that is complimentary to the codons on mRNA? See pg 119 _________________________10. This brings amino acids to the ribosome to form the protein. _________________________11. This type of RNA makes up the ribosomal subunits. _________________________12. What type of bond is formed between two amino acids during protein synthesis? _________________________13. How many different codons are possible? See pg 119 _________________________14. How many codons are codes for amino acids? See pg 119 _________________________15. How many different amino acids are there? _________________________16. What are the messenger RNA codons for phenylalanine? _________________________17. What is the sequence for the codon that is always the first codon on the mRNA? _________________________18. What is the codon sequence for the three “stop” codons? _________________________19. A mutation in which a single base is added or deleted from DNA, throwing off the reading of the rest of the sequence of bases. See pg 125…starts with f. Ver 1.5 Mar 2014 1 True/False? ___________1. There can only be one codon for each amino acid. ___________2. There can be more than one codon for the same amino acid. ___________3. The genetic code is said to be universal because a codon represents the same amino acids in almost all organisms. ___________4. Transfer RNA molecules are identical to one another. ___________5. Transfer RNA molecules are cloverleaf shaped structures with an anticodon at one end and an amino acid binding site at the opposite end. Label the numbered parts of the drawing to the right. ______________________________________1 ______________________________________2 ______________________________________3 ______________________________________4 ______________________________________5 ______________________________________6 ______________________________________7 ______________________________________8 ______________________________________9 Do after Lesson 5 If the sequence on the DNA molecule calls for a protein with the following DNA codons: 1) What would be the base sequence on mRNA? 2) What would be the base sequence on tRNA? 3) What would be the amino acid sequence of the protein being made? DNA  TAC GGC CAT GTA ATA ACT mRNA  tRNA  amino acid  sequence Ver 1.5 Mar 2014 2 Answers: Fill in the Blank: 1. translation 2. ribosomes 3. ribosomes 4. nucleus (DNA) 5. mRNA 6. amino acids 7. mutations 8. codon 9. anticodon 10. tRNA 11. rRNA 12. peptide bond 13. 64 14. 61 15. 20 16. UUU and UUC 17. AUG 18. UAA, UAG, and UGA 19. frameshift mutation True or False? 1. False 2. True 3. True 4. False 5. True Label the numbered parts of the drawing to the right: 1. large subunit of the ribosome 2. small subunit of the ribosome 3. mRNA 4. mRNA codon 5. tRNA 6. tRNA anticodon 7. polypeptide chain 8. amino acid 9. peptide bond If the sequence on the DNA molecule calls for a protein with the following DNA codons: 1) What would be the base sequence on mRNA? 2) What would be the base sequence on tRNA? 3) What would be the amino acid sequence of the protein being made? DNA  TAC GGC CAT GTA ATA ACT mRNA  AUG CCG GUA CAU UAU UGA Ver 1.5 Mar 2014 3 tRNA  UAC GGC CAU GUA AUA amino acid  methionine, proline, valine, histidine, tyrosine, stop sequence Ver 1.5 Mar 2014 ACU 4