Download Early Rome - WorldHistoryatYHS

Early Roman History
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Founding of Rome (myth)
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
•
Romulus and Remus are born an ancestor of Aeneas, the prince of Troy.
•
Uncle disposes grandfather and Romulus and Remus are to be drowned.
•
The babies wash on shore in a reed basket and are raised by a wolf for 1 year until they
are found by a shepherd who raises them on Palatine Hill.
•
They kill their uncle and restore their grandfather to the throne.
Romulus & Remus
•
•
•
•
Romulus builds on Palatine Hill
because he sees 12 birds flying
above it.
Remus builds on Aventine
because he sees 6 vultures flying
above it.
(Romans believed in Augury: that
the gods revealed wishes through
birds)
Romulus creates a city wall.
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Romulus Kills His Brother
•
•
•
Remus steps over it saying that is
what an enemy would do.
Romulus kills him.
Romulus names his city Rome
and becomes the first king.
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Geographic Advantage
• The hills of Rome command
the best place to cross the
Tiber River
• Control of this crossing is
control of the trade between
northern and southern Italy.
• Rome sat on the salt road.
Salt was very valuable and
used to flavor and preserve
foods.
• Rome lay 16 miles from sea
allowing it to trade and fish,
but far enough away from
Pirates.
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
The hills of Rome.
The Etruscans- A Sophisticated
Influence on Rome
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Cleared woodlands and drained
marshes to create farmland.
They built underground tunnels
to mine lead and copper, which
they turned into tools and
weapons.
Quarried marble and used for
buildings and statues.
made music, pottery, and
jewelry.
Towns were laid in grid patterns
with streets meeting at right
angles.
Trade with Greeks made them
rich.
“The Etruscans were the single most important
great warriors.
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
influence on Roman culture in its transition to
civilization.”
Greek Colonies
• Largest colonies were:
Cumae, and Tarentum
(taras).
• The close contact
between Greeks and
Romans eventually led
Romans to adopt many
Greek ideas and
philosophies.
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Location of Greek colonies.
Rivalry Between Rome & Carthage
Punic Wars
• In the Punic Wars Rome
fought against Carthage
• Carthage was a former
Phoenecian colony
• There were 3 major wars, all
of which the Romans won.
• The result was that the
Romans gained control of
the Western Mediterranean.
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
2nd Punic War- Hannibal Invades
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Hannibal’s Victories
• Hannibal’s rampaging
destroyed large
amounts of peasant
(Plebeian) farmland.
• He rampaged for 15
years
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (U ncompres sed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Effects of Punic Wars
•
•
•
•
•
•
This forced farmers to sell their lands because they had no funds to repair it.
The lands were then taken by rich landowners that used slaves as laborers.
This left the peasants unemployed.
The unemployed moved to the city of Rome.
Widened gap between rich and poor
Spartacus uprising - 70,000 slaves
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Tiberius Gracchi
•
•
•
•
Was a Tribune for the poor (he
stood up for them in the
Senate).
He represented Plebians and
made ideas into bills.
When the kingdom of Asia
Minor was given to Rome,
Tiberius proposed that the land
be given to the poor farmers
who had had their land stolen
from them. This made the rich
Senators very angry because
they wanted to increase their
own riches.
While seeking a second term as
Tribune he was assassinated by
a group of Senators.
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Area of Asia Minor.
Gaius Gracchi
• The brother of Tiberius was
much more successful in the
Senate, and was a great orator.
• Made the judices (judges) be
chosen from the Equites class
• Reduced power and revenue of
patricians
• Made a subsidized grain law
that allowed citizens to buy
grain 1/2 price from the state.
• Proposed widening citizenship
to Latins, and Italian allies.
• In the end Gaius led an armed
rebellion and was killed with
3,000 followers.
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchi
Summary
• The Gracchis did many things to try and
advance the status and power of the
plebians, and stood up for them when nobody
else would.
• There were numerous armed uprisings
caused by the Gracchis (both direct and
indirect), and these uprisings and the use of
political violence helped lead to the end of the
Roman Republic and into the Roman Empire.