Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Exploration of Jupiter wikipedia , lookup
Earth's rotation wikipedia , lookup
History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses wikipedia , lookup
Planet Nine wikipedia , lookup
Naming of moons wikipedia , lookup
Space: 1889 wikipedia , lookup
Formation and evolution of the Solar System wikipedia , lookup
Dwarf planet wikipedia , lookup
Planets beyond Neptune wikipedia , lookup
The Solar System 6th Grade Science 2011 The Solar System What do you know about the solar system? What is a planet? The definition of planet set in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) states that in the Solar System a planet is a celestial body that: is in orbit around the Sun, has sufficient mass to assume hydrostatic equilibrium (a nearly round shape), and has "cleared the neighbourhood" around its orbit. General Characteristics of the Solar System Terrestrial planets- small, composed of rock and metallic elements (metals) Jovian planetslarge, composed of gases and frozen compounds 4 Terrestrial Planets The Inner Planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars Rocky and metallic Small No rings Very few moons Mercury 1st planet 58.6 earth days to rotate once 88 earth days to revolve once No moons No rings No atmosphere Venus 2nd planet 243 earth days to rotate once 224.7 earth days to revolve once No moons, rings Atmosphere is mostly CO2 Earth 3rd planet 24 hours to rotate 365 days to revolve 1 moon No rings Mars 4th planet 24.6 hours to rotate 687 days to revolve 2 moons No rings, atmosphere The Asteroid Belt Separates Inner and Outer planets Asteroids are primordial objects left over from the formation of the Solar System. While some have suggested that they are the remains of a protoplanet that was destroyed in a massive collision long ago, the prevailing view is that asteroids are leftover rocky matter that never successfully coalesced into a planet. 4 Jovian Planets The Outer Planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune Gases & frozen gases Very large All have rings Many moons Jupiter 5th planet (1st outer planet) 9.84 hours to rotate 4,333 days to revolve (12 earth years) 63 moons Rings Largest planet Saturn 6th planet 10.2 hours to rotate 10, 759 days to revolve (29 earth years) 33 moons Rings Uranus 7th planet 17.9 hours to rotate 30,688 days to revolve (84 earth years) 27 moons Rings Tilted on its side Neptune 8th planet 19 hours to rotate 60,181 days to revolve (164.8 earth years) 13 moons Rings Methane atmosphere gives it bluish color The Nine Planets Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Is Pluto a Planet? Dwarf planet From its time of discovery in 1930 to 2006 it was considered to be the ninth planet in the solar system, but because additional objects have been discovered including Eris which is 27% more massive, the IAU reclassified Pluto and the other objects as dwarf planets. The New Horizons spacecraft was launched on January 16, 2006 and will make its closest approach to Pluto on July 14, 2015. This mission will provide an increased amount of information about this peculiar dwarf planet. Pluto Dwarf planet 6 days, 9 hours to rotate 90,470 days to revolve (247.7 earth years) Dwarf Planets Scaling the Solar System not to scale have to fit in picture Scale model of Planets compared to Sun 0.04in. Mercury Venus Earth 12.01in. 0.10in. 0.12in Mars 0.06in. 1.20in. Jupiter 1.00in. Saturn 0.40in. Uranus 0.39in. Neptune 0.02in. Pluto Distance -not to scale -drawn to fit picture The moon is 30 Earth’s away Distance Because space is so vast, astronomers have a created different unit for measuring the distances in space known as an astronomical unit. This is the distance from the Sun to the Earth. Earth is 93million miles from Sun (150million km) 1 AU (astronomical unit) http://www.northern-stars.com/solar_system_distance_scal.htm AU’s Mercury .38 Venus- .72 Earth- 1.0 Mars- 1.5 Jupiter- 5.2 Saturn- 9.5 Uranus- 19.2 Neptune- 30.0 Pluto- 39.4 Scale solar system 1AU= 1m (earth 1m away from sun) Rotation & Revolution General Characteristics of the Solar System Planetary orbits and rotation planet and satellite orbits are in a common plane nearly all planet and satellite orbital and rotation motions are in the same direction Planet and satellite orbits are in a common plane common plane Nearly all planet and satellite orbital and rotation motions are in the same direction