Download Unit 5 Review

Unit 5 Review
1. All of the terms listed are related to
force except• Weight: mass with the force of gravity
•
Triple beam balance: measuring mass *
• Spring scale: A spring balance measures the
weight of an object
• Newton: unit used when measuring force
2. Gravity is-• Weight: the force on the object due to gravity
• Inertia: the resistance of any physical object to
any change in its state of motion
• Force: push or pull*
• Direction: north, south, east, west
3. Which is responsible for the planets
staying in their orbit?
• Gravitational force between the planets and
the sun *
• Empty space between the stars
• Weight of the planets
• Density of the planets
4. Venus has less mass than Earth. If a
50-gram object is taken from Earth to
Venus, then-•
•
•
•
The object’s mass will be more than 50 grams
The object’s mass will be less than 50 grams
The object’s weight will be more
The object’s weight will be less *
**mass does not take gravity into account**
*weight will change depending on the amount
of gravity*
Greater mass of planet=greater gravitational force
5. As the distance between two
objects increases, the gravitational
attraction between the two objects-• Remains the same
• Increases
• Decreases *
• Becomes zero
6. An object is placed at each location
in the table. At which location does
the object have the greatest weight?
Location in solar system
Gravity at surface
(Earth=1)
Sun
27.9
Mercury
0.37
Venus
0.88
Earth
1.00
•Sun*
•Mercury
•Venus
•Earth
Weight at Given Location
(N)
100
7. Compare and contrast the inner and
outer planets. (separated by asteroid
belt)
INNER(Mercury, Venus,
Earth and Mars)
BOTH
OUTER (Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus and Neptune)
•Small
•terrestrial planets
•Spin slowly
•Spaced close together
•No rings
•Multiple space craft
visitors
•Orbit the sun
•Gravitational attraction
•Huge
•Gas Giants
•Balls of gas with no
surface
•Spaced apart
•Spin quickly
•Lots of Moons
•Rings
•All Outer Planets visited
by one space craft
(Voyager 2)
8. Most of the solar system is:
• Made up of the Sun: somewhere
between 99.8 and 99.9 percent. The
rest is split between the planets and
their satellites, and the comets and
asteroids and the dust and gas
surrounding our star.
9. What is the name of the largest
planet?
•
•
•
•
Sun (star not a planet)
Earth
Mercury
Jupiter **
10. What is the name of the star that is
the center of our solar system?
•
•
•
•
Betelgeuse
Sun*
Mira
Polaris
11. Which of these planets is least like
the other three?
• Mercury** inner planet
• Saturn :outer
• Uranus: outer
• Jupiter: outer
12. Compared to the other planets,
the inner planets are-•
•
•
•
Larger
Closer together *
Farther from the sun
Farther from the earth
INNER(Mercury, Venus,
Earth and Mars)
BOTH
OUTER (Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus and Neptune)
•Small
•terrestrial planets
•Spin slowly
•Spaced close together
•No rings
•Multiple space craft visitors
•Orbit the sun
•Gravitational attraction
•Huge
•Gas Giants
•Balls of gas with no surface
•Spaced apart
•Spin quickly
•Lots of Moons
•Rings
•All Outer Planets visited by
one space craft (Voyager 2)
13. What is the fourth planet from the
Sun?
•
•
•
•
Earth
Neptune
Mars*
Saturn
My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Nine Pizzas
Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto
14. Neptune belongs at location--
w
INNER
OUTER
PLANETS
PLANETS
X
Y
Z*
15. The Sun belongs at location--
w*
INNER
OUTER
PLANETS
PLANETS
X
Y
Z
16. All of the following statements
belong at Location Y except--
• Travels around the Sun
• Ball shaped
• Smaller than the sun
• Outside the solar system**
17. Our planet belongs at location-
w
INNER
OUTER
PLANETS
PLANETS
X*
Y
Z
18. According to the data, which of these
planets takes the longest amount of time to
travel around the Sun (revolution) one time?
Planet
Average orbital
speed (km/sec)
Approximate
length of one
revolution
Approximate
length of one
rotation
Mercury
47.87
88 days
59 days
Earth
29.79
365 days
24 hours
Mars
24.13
1.9 years
25 days
Saturn
9.66
29.5 years
10 hours
Neptune
5.44
164.8 years
22 hours
•Mercury
•Earth
•Mars
•Saturn*
19. Which statement is supported by
the data in the table?
Planet
Average orbital
speed (km/sec)
Approximate
length of one
revolution
Approximate
length of one
rotation
Mercury
47.87
88 days
59 days
Earth
29.79
365 days
24 hours
Mars
24.13
1.9 years
25 days
Saturn
9.66
29.5 years
10 hours
Neptune
5.44
164.8 years
22 hours
•The length of a revolution increases as the orbital speed decreases *
•The length of a rotation decreases as the length of the revolution decreases
•The orbital speed increases as the distance from the sun increases
•The approximate length of the rotation increases as the distance from the sun
increases.
20. According to the data, which of these
planets takes the shortest amount of time
to spin on its axis (rotation) one time?
Planet
Average orbital
speed (km/sec)
Approximate
length of one
revolution
Approximate
length of one
rotation
Mercury
47.87
88 days
59 days
Earth
29.79
365 days
24 hours
Mars
24.13
1.9 years
25 days
Saturn
9.66
29.5 years
10 hours
Neptune
5.44
164.8 years
22 hours
•Mercury
•Earth
•Mars
•Neptune*
21. Which table correctly identifies the
inner and outer planets? G*
• First 4: Mercury Venus Earth Mars: inner
• Last 4: Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune: outer
Inner planets
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Outer planets
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
22. Which layer of earth is composed
mostly of the elements oxygen and
silicon and contains the moving
plates? Lithosphere
23. Which layer of the earth is
composed mostly of solid iron (Fe)?
•
•
•
•
Mantle
Inner core**
Crust
Lithosphere
24. Which elements are most
abundant in the outer core?
•
•
•
•
Silicon and aluminum
Hydrogen and lead
Iron and nickel**
Oxygen and hydrogen
25. Which two elements are most
abundant in the crust? (use pie chart)
•
•
•
•
Oxygen and silicon*
Silicon and aluminum
Aluminum and iron
Iron and oxygen
26. Which statement best summarizes
the elements in the Earth?
• Elements like gold, lead, and sodium are not
found in the Earth.
• A limited number of elements make up most
of the crust. **
• Iron and silicon are more abundant than
oxygen and aluminum.
• Elements other than oxygen, silicon,
aluminum, and iron are more abundant.
27. Which layer of earth is least
involved in plate tectonics?
• Asthenosphere (convection currents in the
upper mantle cause plates to move)
• Inner core**
• Mantle (contains the asthenosphere)
• Lithosphere (bottom part of the crust)
28. What geologic event occurs when
2 plates collide or come together?
• Formation of ocean floor
• Formation of an island
• Formation of a mountain**
• Earthquake
29. What causes the plates to move?
• Density of the continental crust
• Temperature of the oceanic crust
• Thickness of earth’s layers
• Convection currents in the
mantle**