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Answer the following questions on a post it using your notes from yesterday: 1. Name the four groups that helped to influence Greek civilization and culture 2. How did geography and climate affect Greek civilization? 3. Describe three ways Ancient Greece has influenced modern society ANCIENT GREECE PERSIAN WARS AND START OF GOLDEN AGE GOVERNMENTS ▶ ▶ *City – States – cities and surrounding territory form a state * Each city-state had its own form of rule ▶ Monarchy – single person, called a king, ruled ▶ Aristocracy – rule by small group of noble, landowning families ▶ Oligarchy – rule by few powerful people ▶ Tyranny – powerful individuals, usually nobles or other wealthy citizens, seize control and rule PERSIAN WARS MAP GOVERNMENT ▶ ▶ Athens – rule by the people – First Direct Democracy ▶ State ruled by its citizens ▶ ▶ ▶ Rule is based on citizenship Majority rule decides vote Practiced in Athens by 500 BC PERSIAN WARS ▶ *Sparta – southern part of Greece – ▶ *Prominent city- state in Greece ▶ Cut off from rest of Greece by the Gulf of Corinth ▶ *Military State – ruled by military ▶ *Most powerful army in Greece ▶ All forms of personal expression discouraged ▶ No value on arts, literature, or other artistic and intellectual pursuits ▶ Valued duty, strength, and discipline over Freedom, individuality, beauty and learning ▶ Assume leadership in the Persian Wars PERSIAN WARS Persian Empire - powerful empire – modern day Iran ▶ Began in 490 BC ▶ Greeks defeat Persians, slaughtering 6,000 Persians in one single day ▶ Ten years later – Persian forces advanced again ▶ Themistocles – convinced Athenians to evacuate the city and fight at sea ▶ Defeated Persians, weakening their navy, and leaving their leader unprotected ▶ CONSEQUENCES OF PERSIAN WAR ▶ *Athens emerges as a superpower and a leader of the Delian League ▶ Delian League – alliance of Greek city –states ▶ Athens entered its golden age – a time centered around an abundance of wealth and personal expression ATHENIAN DEMOCRACY • Expanded under the rule of Pericles • Pericles – took over rule of Athens after Themistocles • Three Goals: – to strengthen democracy – to hold and strengthen the empire – glorify Athens GOAL ONE: STRONGER DEMOCRACY • Direct Democracy • Form of government in which citizens rule directly and NOT through representatives – *All government policies determined by an assembly (all members are male) • United States has a representative democracy GOAL 2 AND 3: STRENGTHEN AND GLORIFY ATHENS EMPIRE • *Led Delian League • *Built a strong navy • *Used Delian League’s funds to buy gold, ivory, and marble • Began to pay artists, architects, and workers who used these materials ARCHITECTURE AND SCULPTURE • *Parthenon- temple • 23,000 sq. feet. • *Built to honor Athena – goddess of wisdom and the protector of Athens • *Contained examples of Greek Art that set standards for future generations of artists around the world GREEK DRAMA • *Greeks built the first theaters • *Theatrical productions were both an expression of civic pride and a tribute to the Gods GREEK DRAMAS • 1. COMEDY – slapstick situations and humor • often made fun of politicians and respected people GREEK DRAMAS 2. TRAGEDY – serious drama about common themes such as love, hate, war, or betrayal. • contained a main character or tragic hero – usually an important person with extraordinary abilities • Tragic flaw usually caused the hero’s downfall • EX: Oedipus, Antigone PART I: GREEK TRAGEDY • • • • • • You are going to write your own Greek Tragedy: Your first paragraph should state who your main character is. It should be a person of high status or a hero. Tell me the name of the person and his status. Tell me a couple things about his/her life that shows that they have a high status in society. Your second paragraph should tell me what extraordinary abilities your character has. What makes them so special? Your third paragraph should tell me about what tragic flaw they have. The flaw should be a personal flaw such as the person is too jealous, or makes decisions too quickly without thinking things through. Your fourth paragraph should explain an event that occurs that leads to the downfall of your character. This event should be a direct result of the person’s tragic flaw. An example would be that your character makes a quick decision and this leads them to lose all their money, leaving them with nothing. PUT IN THE EFFORT TO MAKE YOUR TRAGEDY A STORY, BE CREATIVE WHEN COMING UP WITH YOUR MAIN CHARACTER, THEIR EXTRAORDINARY ABILITIES, FLAWS AND EVENT THAT LEADS TO THEIR DOWNFALL. Create a poster on computer paper that advertises your play – Your poster should have the title of your play, a picture of your main character and a slogan that says something about the character’s flaw or mistake that leads to their downfall. List an actor on your poster that will play your main character (must be in color) Grab the article from the front table, read and answer the following questions on a post it: 1. How did Buddhism spread to China? 2. What classes were intrigued by the spirituality of Buddhism? 3. What religious traditions or beliefs was Buddhism mixed with? 4. Why did China’s ruling class eventually turn against Buddhism? Based on the following documents, analyze the responses to the spread of Buddhism in China. What additional kind of document would you need to evaluate the extent of Buddhism’s appeal in China? Documents 2 and 3 – Support the spread of Buddhism in China Documents 4 and 6 Scrutinize it Documents 1 and 5 neither encourage nor discourage it but provide a third perspective on how it should be dealt with.