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Physics - Courses A.Y. 2007/2008 Code Title of the course MATTER-RADIATION INTERACTION (1st module) Credits 2 Field FIS/05 Year of course 1 Semester n.d. Assesment method Lecturer Programme Code Title of the course MATTER-RADIATION INTERACTION (2nd module) Credits 3 Field FIS/05 Year of course 1 Semester n.d. Assesment method Lecturer Programme Code Title of the course PHYSICS OF ATHMOSPHERE - MUTUATO Credits 8 Field FIS/06 Year of course 1 Code Title of the course THEORY OF STRUCTURE OF MATTER Credits 5 Field FIS/02 Year of course 1 Semester n.d. Assesment method Lecturer Programme Pag. 44/67 Code A5490007 Title of the course - MUTUATO Credits 31 Field Year of course 2 Code A5490008 Title of the course - MUTUATO Credits 9 Field Year of course 2 Code 542025 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Code 542024 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Pag. 45/67 Code 542022 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Code 542020 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Code 542019 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Code 542018 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Pag. 46/67 Code 542017 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Code 542016 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Code 542011 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Code 542010 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Pag. 47/67 Code 542009 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Code 542008 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Code 542007 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Code 542006 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Pag. 48/67 Code 542005 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Code 542004 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Code 542002 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Code 542001 Title of the course - CONDIVISO DA 542 Year of course n.d. Pag. 49/67 Code 549058 Title of the course - MUTUATO Credits 3 Field FIS/03 Year of course n.d. Code 549056 Title of the course - MUTUATO Credits 3 Field FIS/03 Year of course n.d. Code 549057 Title of the course - MUTUATO Credits 3 Field FIS/03 Year of course n.d. Code 549055 Title of the course - MUTUATO Credits 6 Field FIS/03 Year of course n.d. Pag. 50/67 Code 549044 Title of the course Credits 5 Field FIS/02 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Girardello Luciano Programme Theory of classical fields: space-time symmetries and internal symmetries; conservation laws; Lorentz and Poincaré group; gauge groups. Canonical quantization of free fields: the scalar field; crystals and phonons; particles and antiparticles; the electromagnetic field; the dirac field. Functional quantization: the Feynman integral; relation with classical statistical mechanics; the selfinteracting scalar field. Perturbative approach: semi-classical approximation; Feynman diagrams; ultraviolet divergencies and renormalization. Code 549045 Title of the course Credits 5 Field FIS/02 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Girardello Luciano Programme Quantum symmetries: spontaneous breaking, implications; Goldstone theorem; Higgs phase. Field theory and critical phenomena: general properties of correlation functions, Ward identities; hypothesis of scale invariance and critical exponents; symmetry breaking and phase transitions; ferromagnetic systems and spin models; effective theory of Landau and Ginzburg. Renormalization group: the Wilson and Gelmann'Low approach; universality classes and critical properties; ultraviolet fixed points and divergencies in quantum field theory. Code 549019 Title of the course Credits 5 Field FIS/04 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Paganoni Marco Programme Feynmann diagrams and QUED cross sections Fermi Theory of weak decay Discovery of neutrino and measurement of its helicity Parity violation in weak interactions V-A theory of weak interactions Pion and muon decay Weak decays of hadrons GIM model and CKM matrix Pag. 51/67 Weak neutral currents Discovery of W and Z bosons The Weinberg-Salam model ofr weak interactions Spontaneous symmetry breaking and mass generation Precision measurements at LEP of electroweak theory Perspective of discovery of Higgs boson at LHC Code 549010 Title of the course Credits 5 Field FIS/07 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Programme This course deals with three main themes: - production of beams of ionizing radiation - application of ionizing radiations in medicine - imaging in medical diagnostics Code A5490011 Title of the course - MUTUATO Credits 5 Field FIS/05 Year of course n.d. Code A5490015 Title of the course Credits 5 Field FIS/02 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Girardello Luciano Programme to be defined Pag. 52/67 Code Title of the course Credits 7 Field FIS/01, FIS/07 Year of course n.d. Semester II semestre, Assesment method ; Lecturer Collini Maddalena Programme The following experiences can be performed. -Denaturation of proteins and nucleic acids (by the application of fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism) in order to estimate the denaturation free energy of the process. –Conformational transitions of proteins and nucleic acids, where the transition are followed by changing the solution conditions such as temperature, pH, ionic strength etc. –Interaction of DNA and proteins with small ligands: titration will be obtained with different spectroscopic techniques (fluorescence, absorption) in order to estimate the thermodynamical parameters describing the ligand – macromolecule equilibrium. Code Title of the course Credits 7 Field FIS/01 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method ; Lecturer Rapuano Federico Programme Simulation of the Rutherford scattering. Numerical solution of the equations of motion. Angular distribution. Comparison with the analytical solution. Errors and fluctuations. Dynamics of many particles systems. The Lennard-Jones potential. Molecular Dynamics. Soft spheres simulation. Approach to equilibrium. Thermodynamical quantities. The Montecarlo Method. The Metropolis algorithm. The Ising Model. 2D and 3D numerical simulation. Comparison with analytic result in 2D. Statistical and systematical error. Lattice regularization of a Quantum Field Theory. The 4 theory. Numerical simulation. QuantumChromoDynamics on the lattice. Numerical simulation. Correlation functions. Measurement of the glueball m Code Title of the course Credits 7 Field FIS/01 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Lecturer Programme Pag. 53/67 Code A5490006 Title of the course - MUTUATO Credits 5 Field FIS/04 Year of course n.d. Code 549037 Title of the course APLLIED OPTICS 1 Credits 5 Field FIS/07 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Chirico Giuseppe Programme The course is devoted to the development of Fourier optics that is then applied to the Fresnel diffraction theory, the image formation, optic microscopy, the propagation of the Gaussian beams, the laser cavities and the propagation in the optical fibers (semi-quantitative treatment). An introduction to the speckle interferometry with application to astronomy and of holography and holographic interferometry is given. More information at http://fisica.mib.infn.it/it/ricerca/homepages/biofisica/ Code A5490009 Title of the course APPLIED ELECTRONIC Credits 5 Field ING-INF/07 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Scritto e Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Programme The concept of amplifier, the Operational amplifier. The concept of feedback of an amplifier. The mathematical approach t to the determination of all the aspects that concern a feed backed amplifier. The frequency domain analysis of the signals: the Fourier and Laplace Transform. The stability of a feed backed network and the compensation criteria. The noise in the electronic systems and the analysis of the noise in linear networks. The concept of the signal t to noise ratio: the noise figure and the optimal filter. Applications and examples: the charge sensitive preamplifier and the shaping of the signals coming from a nuclear detector of particles. A short introduction to the physic of semiconductors for the understanding of the principle of operation of the more standard transistors: bipolar, JFET and MOS. The mathematical modeling and the noise sources in transistors. The transistor as a feed backed amplifier Pag. 54/67 Code A5490014 Title of the course COMPLEMENTS OF ADVANCED THEORETICAL PHYSICS Credits 2 Field FIS/02 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Penati Silvia Programme Solitons and instantons in quantum field theory. Code 549052 Title of the course COMPLEMENTS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS Credits 5 Field FIS/02 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Penati Silvia Programme Deep Inelastic Scattering; elements of the parton model; introduction to Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD); asymptotic freedom; standard model; introduction to gauge and chiral anomalies. Code 549020 Title of the course ELECTROWEAK INTERACTIONS II Credits 5 Field FIS/03 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Programme Provides and completes the description of the interactions of matter within the Standard Model. Gives the detailed description of the flavour structure in the Standard Model and the flavour transitions between quarks and families of quarks through the weak charged current. Code 549001 Title of the course ELEMENTS OF SOLID STATE PHYSICS - MUTUATO Credits 5 Field FIS/03 Year of course n.d. Pag. 55/67 Code Title of the course ENVIRONMENT PHYSICS - MUTUATO Credits 4 Field FIS/07 Year of course n.d. Code 549038 Title of the course GENERAL RELATIVITY Credits 5 Field FIS/05 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Sassi Giandomenico Programme Basic features of special Relativity. Spacetime and four-vectors. Relativistic Mechanics and relativistic Electrodynamics. Stress-Energy tensor. Accelerated observers. Basic features of Differential Geometry and Tensor Algebra. Differential Topology. Riemannian spaces. Equivalence principle. Vacuum field equations. Schwarzschild solution. Birkhoff’s theorem. Embedding in flat spacetimes.Well-behaved metrics and Kruskal metric. Kerr metric. Field equations in the presence of matter. Modified field equations and de Sitter space. Gravitational waves. Experimental tests of General Relativity. Code 549011 Title of the course GROUP THEORY Credits 5 Field FIS/02 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Zaffaroni Alberto Programme PART I) ELEMENTS OF GROUP THEORY. Discrete and continuous groups. Lie groups. Lie algebras and their classification. Representations of groups. PART II PHYSICAL APPLICATIONS crystallographyc groups. Rotation and spin. Lorentz and Poincare' group. Internal symmetry groups. Quark Model. Pag. 56/67 Code 549029 Title of the course LABORATORY OF BIOPHYSICS - MUTUATO Credits 7 Field FIS/07 Year of course n.d. Code 549028 Title of the course LABORATORY OF BIOPHYSICS Credits 7 Field FIS/07 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Scritto e Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Programme The following experiences can be performed. -Denaturation of proteins and nucleic acids (by the application of fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism) in order to estimate the denaturation free energy of the process. –Conformational transitions of proteins and nucleic acids, where the transition are followed by changing the solution conditions such as temperature, pH, ionic strength etc. –Interaction of DNA and proteins with small ligands: titration will be obtained with different spectroscopic techniques (fluorescence, absorption) in order to estimate the thermodynamical parameters describing the ligand – macromolecule equilibrium. Code 549030 Title of the course LABORATORY OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS Credits 7 Field FIS/02 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Scritto e Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Rapuano Federico Programme Simulation of the Rutherford scattering. Numerical solution of the equations of motion. Angular distribution. Comparison with the analytical solution. Errors and fluctuations. Dynamics of many particles systems. The Lennard-Jones potential. Molecular Dynamics. Soft spheres simulation. Approach to equilibrium. Thermodynamical quantities. The Montecarlo Method. The Metropolis algorithm. The Ising Model. 2D and 3D numerical simulation. Comparison with analytic result in 2D. Statistical and systematical error. Lattice regularization of a Quantum Field Theory. The 4 theory. Numerical simulation. QuantumChromoDynamics on the lattice. Numerical simulation. Correlation functions. Measurement of the glueball m Pag. 57/67 Code 549027 Title of the course LABORATORY OF PARTICLE PHYSICS Credits 7 Field FIS/04 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Scritto e Orale; Voto finale Lecturer TABARELLI DE FATIS TOMMASO Programme Each sudent, in collaboration with two more students, will conduct one (only one) particle physics experiment, from the characterization of the experimental setup, to the data taking and analysis. Three experiments are foreseen at the moment: 1) Compton Effect: measurement of the differential cross-section and of the energy-angle correlation of photons scattered off electrons (Modules 1 and 2); 2) Cosmic muons: measurements of the muon lifetime at rest (Module 1) and of the muon precession in a magnetic field (Module 2); 3) Metestable states in nuclei: setup of an apparatus effiecint to low energy (10-100 keV) gamma rays with good timing resolution (order of 10 ns) (Module 1) and measurement of the mean lifetime of a metastable state of 57-Co (Module 2). Code Title of the course NANOTECHNOLOGIES OF BIOSYSTEMS 1 Credits 5 Field FIS/07 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method ; Lecturer Programme The course is mainly intended to describe the principle techniques in Nano-Bio-technologies. Code 549016 Title of the course NEUTRINO PHYSICS (SECOND DEGREE IN PHYSICS) Credits 5 Field FIS/04 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Ragazzi Stefano Programme Part A. NEUTRINOS AND FOUNDATIONS OF THE STANDARD MODEL. Beta decay, neutrino helicity, V-A theory and experimental foundations. Limits of V-A and the Standard Model. Neutrinofermion scattering: charged and neutral currents, cross sections, the Weinberg angle. Neutrinonucleon interactions: quasi-elastic scattering; D.I.S. and parton model. Part B: NEUTRINO PROPERTIES. Masses and mixing: phenomenology of massive neutrinos; oscillations in vacuum and in matter. Review experiments: results and prospects. Indirect measurement of the mass scale. L-violation; Majorana mass and implications. Double beta decay. CP-violation in the lepton sector. Cosmological implications of massive neutrinos. Indirect determinations of the mass scale. Pag. 58/67 Code 549007 Title of the course PARTICLE ACCELERATORS Credits 5 Field FIS/01 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Programme Accelerator physics, History of accelerators, applications of accelerators, transverse dynamics, Emittance, Longitudinal dynamics, lattices, Beam diagnostics, synchrotron radiation, space charge, Non-linearities and resonances, Luminosity, Magnets, Magnet measurement, Resonant cavities, Instabilities, Injection, Extraction, Vacuum systems. Code 549050 Title of the course PHYSICS COMPLEMENTS : I Credits 1 Field FIS/01 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Scritto; Voto finale Lecturer Paganoni Marco Programme This course describes som fundamental experiments in particle physics Code 549051 Title of the course PHYSICS COMPLEMENTS : II Credits 1 Field FIS/01 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Scritto; Voto finale Lecturer Sironi Giorgio Programme Topics to be agreed between lecturer and student on Mechanics and Thermodunamics, Waves and Oscillations, Electromagnetism, Modern Physics Pag. 59/67 Code 549003 Title of the course PLASMA LABORATORY I Credits 7 Field FIS/03 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Riccardi Claudia Programme Introduction to the plasma physics laboratory: Debye length, Langmuir probe, resonance probe, vacuum techniques, theory and measurements of vacuum and high vacuum, mass spectrometry, transmission lines, transmission in waveguide, resonant cavities. Experimental activity: Microwave interferometry, vacuum technologies, experimental study of a quiescent plasma by optic and electrostatic diagnostics, analysis of the turbulence generated by a magnetised plasma. Code 549018 Title of the course PLASMA PHYSICS III Credits 5 Field FIS/01 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Programme General concepts about electromagnetic fields in plasmas. Electromagnetic energy flux in a dispersive and anisotropic plasma. Principles of geometrical optics. Spectral density function of electromagnetic flux associated with the Poyinting vector, and spectral density of electromagnetic energy. Transport equation for the electromagnetic energy. Coefficients of spontaneous emission, stimulated emission, and absorption. Radiation from a moving charged particle. Cyclotron emission. Bremsstrahlung emission. Radiation scattering from plasma electrons: incoherent (Thomson) scattering and collective scattering. Quasilinear theory, quasilinear diffusion coefficient. Ponderomotive force. Decay instabilities: Raman and Brilloin instabilities. Solitons. Equations in non linear plasma physics: Korteweg de Vries eq., non linear Schroedinger eq. Code Title of the course PLASMA PHYSICS LABORATORY 2 Credits 7 Field FIS/01 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method ; Lecturer Programme the generation of plasmas through sources in DC and radiofrequency, the characterisation of plasma sources, Pag. 60/67 the diagnostic of cold plasmas with probes and optical spectroscopy cold plasma applications to materials analysis of some physical properties of plasma processed materials (contact angle, roll-off angle) Code 549002 Title of the course PLASMA PHYSICS, FIRST MODULE Credits 5 Field FIS/03 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Riccardi Claudia Programme The Kinetics description of plasma: the distribution function, the Vlasov equation, the momenta of the distribution function, the fluids equations, MHD and kinetics descriptions: space and time scales. Waves in Plasma: Introduction to the wave propagation in plasma, Linearization of the Maxwell equations and fluids equations; Waves in non magnetised plasma; Langmuir oscillations; Electromagnetic transverse waves; Pressure effects; Waves in a magnetised plasma: perpendicular and parallel propagations; Wave polarisation in plasma; Waves in a drifting plasma: two stream intability. Plasma Instabilities: MHD stability; MHD instabilities: Kink and sausage instabilities, Rayleigh-Taylor instability for plasma and fluids; Kinetics description of waves:Landau Damping. Code 549017 Title of the course PLASMA PHYSICS, SECOND MODULE Credits 5 Field FIS/01 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Gorini Giuseppe Programme Motion of charged particles in the electromagnetic field: guiding-center motion; invariance of magnetic moment; adiabatic invariants; examples of particle trajectories in a tokamak. Statistical properties of plasmas: Boltzmann distribution, Debye shielding, plasma parameter. Fluid description of plasmas: fluid equations; equations of state and resistivity; particle and fluid drifts; single-fluid equations; frozen-in law and MHD equilibrium; equilibrium of tokamak plasmas. Collisional processes in plasmas: collisional processes with neutrals; Coulomb collisions; resistivity, diffusion, energy transport; Fokker-Plank equation, Rosenbluth potentials, Lorentz gas. Pag. 61/67 Code 549039 Title of the course RADIATION DETECTORS Credits 5 Field FIS/01 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Brofferio Chiara Programme Recalls on radiation-matter interactions, radioactivity, basic principles of gas and semiconductor detectors as well as scintillators. General properties of ionizing radiation detectors. Neutron interactions with matter and their detection. Alpha, beta and gamma spectroscopy. Signal shaping and processing. Background problems and detector shieldings. Problems and exercises on the treated arguments. Some illustrative applications in a particular field (as nuclear and subnuclear physics, astrophysics, health physics, environmental physics and radioactivity studies…) could be included, depending on the specific interests of the students. Code 549040 Title of the course RADIATION DETECTORS II Credits 5 Field FIS/01 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Programme Classic detectors – Detectors for LHC – Interactions of Charged particles with matter – Interactions of photons and neutrons – Scintillators – Detection of photons – Solid state detectors – Production and collection of ionization in gases – Gaseous detectors – Particle identification Code A5490010 Title of the course SIGNAL ACQUISITION AND PROCESSING Credits 5 Field ING-INF/07 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Programme Accelerator physics, History of accelerators, applications of accelerators, transverse dynamics, Emittance, Longitudinal dynamics, lattices, Beam diagnostics, synchrotron radiation, space charge, Non-linearities and resonances, Luminosity, Magnets, Magnet measurement, Resonant cavities, Instabilities, Injection, Extraction, Vacuum systems. Pag. 62/67 Code Title of the course SOLID STATE LABORATORY 2 Credits 7 Field FIS/01 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Lecturer Programme Code 549033 Title of the course SOLID STATE LABORATORY, I MOD. Credits 7 Field FIS/03 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Scritto e Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Grilli Emanuele enrico Programme The course consist in a laboratory experience performed by a study group of two or three students. The laboratory activity will be preceded from introductory lessons on the correlation between physical properties of solids and techniques of experimental investigations. Experiences proposed: Photoluminescence of inorganic semiconductors. Photoluminescence of organic semiconductors. Spectroscopy of scattering materials by integrating sphere. Thermoluminescence of inorganic insulators. Raman spectroscopy. Code 549042 Title of the course SOLID STATE OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY, I MOD. Credits 5 Field FIS/03 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Grilli Emanuele enrico Programme Fundamental optical properties of solids: from the classical models of Lorentz and Drude to the quantum theory of absorption and dispersion, for dealing with direct and indirect interband transitions, critical points and excitonic structures. Dispersion relations of Kramers-Kronig and their application to reflectivity. Nonlinear optical properties of solids: from the anharmonic oscillator model to wave propagation and interaction in a nonlinear crystal. Second harmonic generation, frequency mixing, up-conversion and parametric phenomena. Pag. 63/67 Code 549043 Title of the course SOLID STATE OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPY, II MOD Credits 5 Field FIS/03 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Grilli Emanuele enrico Programme Light and color; optical properties of solids. Electronic states in semiconductors: band structures of group IV semiconductors an of III-V family; localized levels (defects, impurities, excitons). Recombination processes from excited states, especially radiative transitions. Heavy doping effects. Interfaces, quantum wells, superlattices, quantum wires and quantum dots Spectroscopic techniques: optical properties, dielectric function, band structure and critical points; polarimetry, ellipsometry, absorption and reflectivity, photoluminescence, modulation spectroscopy. Instrumentation for optical spectroscopy and main components (conventional sources, gas and semiconductor lasers, detectors and spectrometers). Code Title of the course SPECTROSCOPY OF BIOMOLECULES 1 Credits 5 Field FIS/07 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method ; Lecturer Programme This course is aimed to illustrate the principle spectroscopic techniques applied to the study of the chemicalphysical-themodynamical properties of biosystems. Code 549009 Title of the course STATISTICAL DATA ANALYSIS Credits 5 Field FIS/01 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Programme Resume of numerical techniques: Introduction to numerical computations, finite computer arithmetics, algorithm stability. Outline of numerical integration techniques, interpolation techniques, techniques for minimum search, … Smoothing techniques. Introduction to probabilità and statistics: Fundamental concepts, Bayes theorem and Bayesian statistics,examples of pdf with applications, multidimensional error propagation, characteristics functions, the Central Limit Theorem. MonteCarlo methods: Introduction, pseudorandom gemnerators, montecarlo techniques and applications Statistical tests and parameter estimation. Statistical inference: Pag. 64/67 Hypothesis test, Neyman-Pearson lemma, linear statistics and Fischer discriminant function, nonlinear statistics and neural networks, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Sampling. Parameter estimation. Confidence level: Classical confidence levels, multidimensional confidence regions. Unfolding and data filtering: The unfolding problem, regularization functions(MaxEnt, Tikhonov). Data filtering techniques. Examples. Introduction to Fast Fourier Transform and spectral applications (*): Introduction. FFT. FFT in two or more dimensions. Spectral applications. Digital filtering in the time domain. Wavelets. Introduction to neural networks (*): Introduction. The Hopfield model. The peceptron and the multilayers neural networks. Pattern classification. Clustering patterns. Examples. Advanced programming techniques (*): Object-oriented programming and C++ Data acquisition techniques Data analysis techniques for high energy physics experiments (*): Real-time triggering and filtering. Pattern recognition techniques: track-finding and track fitting, vertex reconstruction, particle showers reconstruction, … Code 549005 Title of the course STATISTICAL MECHANICS Credits 5 Field FIS/02 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Destri Claudio Programme Fundamental concepts: macroscopic observables; deterministic dynamics and probability; stochastic processes; statistical equilibrium; ergodic problem. Kinetic theory of gases and transport phenomena: Boltzmann equation; H theorem; random walks; Brownian motion; diffusion equations. Probability distributions in dynamical systems: statistical ensembles; Gibbs distributions; thermodynamic limit; statistical fluctuations and entropy; laws of thermodynamics; phases and phase transitions. Critical phenomena: mean field and Landau-Ginzburg theory; scaling hypothesis; Kadanoff, Fisher and Wilson transformation; renormalization group concepts; order-disorder transitions. Code 549022 Title of the course SURFACE PHYSICS Credits 5 Field FIS/03 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Programme Composition, structure, and morphology: Introduction to the Surface Physics and to the Ultra High Vacuum methodology Surface chemical analysis, electronic technique and mass analysis Crystal structure, surface defects and LEED analysis Surface relaxation and reconstruction, atomic scattering, FIB and STM Termodynamics, surface tension, morphology and roughening Pag. 65/67 Surface electronic states: Jellium model for simple metals, surface dipoles and work function Monodimensional models and surface electronic states, Tamm e Shockley Extension to 3D, density of states and surface dispersion from AR-UPS Electronic states and main reconstructions in transition metal surfaces Electronic states in ideal Si surface and main reconstructions; also in polar surfaces Gas-surface interaction: Gas-surface scattering Physisorption and chemisorption Kinetics of adsorption Phase transition in 2 dimensions Chemical reactions on surface and catalysis Atomic motions and epitaxial growth: Surface vibrations, He scattering, EELS Melting e surface diffusion Thermodynamical models of epitaxial growth Kinetic models of epitaxial growth Nucleation, growth and stability of nanostructures; AEM, AFM and STM Code 549025 Title of the course THEORETICAL PHYSICS I Credits 5 Field FIS/02 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Marchesini Giuseppe Programme Quantization of free field for scalar particles, fermions and photons. Interaction as local gauge principle. Particle production and cross sections. Feynman graphs and various cross section calculations in QED (quantum electro dynamics) Code 549026 Title of the course THEORETICAL PHYSICS II Credits 5 Field FIS/02 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Scritto e Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Marchesini Giuseppe Programme Breaking of discrete, continuous and gauge symmetries. Higgs phenomena. SU(2)xU(1) gauge symmetry. Fermion masses and W+,W-,Z0 and photon fields. Feynman graphs and various cross-section and life-time calculations in electroweak theory. Pag. 66/67 Code 549046 Title of the course THEORY AND PHENOMENOLOGY OF FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS Credits 5 Field FIS/04 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method Orale; Voto finale Lecturer Programme Introduction to the theory of quantized fields. Representations of the Lorenz group, spinor fields. Spin-statistics connection; C, P and T. Quantization of vector fields. Introduction to non-abelian gauge theories (Yang-Mills fields). The Weinberg-Salam model of electroweak interactions. Strong interactions and QCD. Renormalization group and asymptotic freedom. R(e^+e^--> adroni), Sterman-Weinberg jets. Hadrons in the initial state: parton model. Altarelli-Parisi equations and sum rules. Deep inelastic scattering phenomenology. Standard model tests: neutral currents in neutrinonucleon, neutrino electron and electron nucleon collisions. Z physics. Determination of the CKM matrix elements. Flavour mixing and CP violation in K and B mesons. Code Title of the course THERMODYNAMICS OF BIOSYSTEMS 1 Credits 5 Field FIS/07 Year of course n.d. Semester n.d. Assesment method ; Lecturer Programme Introductory course to the phenomenology of the most relevant biomolecules and to the thermodynamics employed when describing their basic physico-chemical behaviour. Pag. 67/67