Download Heat, Temperature, and States of Matter

Heat, Temperature, and States of Matter - Science Concepts
True/False - 2 points each
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
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1. Conduction is the transfer of energy by the bulk movement of matter.
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2. Radiation is the transfer of energy in the form of particles.
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3. Winds are examples of convection currents.
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4. Heat is a measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in an object.
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5. As the temperature of mercury inside the thermometer increases, its volume increases.
____
6. On the Fahrenheit scale water freezes at –32ºF.
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7. Heating by convection can occur through solids, liquids, or gases.
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8. Radiation is the only method of energy transfer that can take place in a vacuum.
____
9. Some substances, when exposed to visible light, absorb more energy as heat than other substances.
____ 10. A good insulator is a poor conductor.
____ 11. Temperature is defined as the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter.
Multiple Choice - 2 points each
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 12. A gas has
a. no definite shape or definite volume.
b. a definite shape but no definite volume.
____ 13. Ninety-nine percent of all the matter that can be observed in the universe exists as
a. gases.
b. plasmas.
____ 14. Matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape is a
a. liquid.
b. solid.
____ 15. If you move a substance from one container to another and its volume changes, the substance is a
a. solid.
b. gas.
Figure 3-1
____ 16. In which of the substances in Figure 3-1 are the forces of attraction among the particles so weak that they can
be ignored under ordinary conditions?
a. Substance A
c. Substance C
b. Substance B
d. all of the above
____ 17. The phase change that is the reverse of condensation is
a. vaporization.
b. freezing.
____ 18. The heat of fusion for water is the amount of energy needed for water to
a. melt.
b. boil.
____ 19. During which phase change does the arrangement of water molecules become more orderly?
a. melting
b. freezing
____ 20. A material that reduces the flow of heat by conduction, convection, and radiation is ____.
a. a conductor
b. an insulator
____ 21. All of the following are good conductors of heat EXCEPT ____.
a. air
c. copper
b. aluminum
____ 22. Temperature is
a. associated with the sensation of hot and cold.
b. proportional to the average kinetic energy of molecules.
c. measured with thermometers.
d. all of the above
____ 23. What is 175ºF on the Celsius scale?
a. 72.3ºC
b. 79.4ºC
c. 84.2ºC
d. 92.0ºC
____ 24. What is –175ºC on the Kelvin scale?
a. 76 K
b. 89 K
c. 98 K
d. 448 K
____ 25. The transfer of energy as heat caused by the collision of molecules is called
a. convection.
b. conduction.
____ 26. The transfer of energy by the movement of fluids or gases with different temperatures is called
a. convection.
b. conduction.
____ 27. Energy from the sun reaches Earth by
a. conduction and radiation.
b. radiation only.
____ 28. Which method of energy transfer does not involve movement of matter?
a. convection.
c. radiation.
b. conduction.
d. none of the above.
____ 29. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Energy as heat flows from a lower temperature to a higher temperature.
b. Energy as heat flows from a higher temperature to a lower temperature.
____ 30. The Fahrenheit temperature scale is defined by which of the following temperatures?
a. Water boils at 100 degrees and freezes at 32 degrees.
b. Water boils at 212 degrees and freezes at 32 degrees.
____ 31. The temperature of a substance increases by 3 K when 1635 J is added to a 2 kg quantity of the substance.
What is the specific heat of the substance?
a. 242 J/kg•K
c. 300 J/kg•K
b. 272 J/kg•K
d. 817 J/kg•K
____ 32. 10 kg of a substance underwent a 3 K change in temperature when 11 500 J of energy as heat was added to
the substance. What is the substance?
a. copper
b. gold
____ 33. Which change in state requires that energy be added to the substance?
a. vaporizing
b. condensing
____ 34. Which of the following changes requires an input of thermal energy?
a. Evaporation
b. Freezing
____ 35. Which of the following is a unit of temperature?
a. Celsius degree
b. joule
____ 36. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from one object to another because of a difference in
a. temperature.
b. specific heat.
____ 37. As the temperature of an object rises, so does the
a. thermal energy of the object.
b. kinetic energy of the object.
____ 38. Which of the following devices is based on the property of thermal expansion?
a. thermometer
b. balance
____ 39. The specific heat of copper is 0.385 J/g·°C. Which equation would you use to calculate the amount of heat
needed to raise the temperature of 0.75 g of copper from 7°C to 29°C?
a. Q = 0.75 g  0.385 J/g·°C  22°C
b. Q = 0.75 g  0.385 J/g·°C  29°C
____ 40. Matter is needed to transfer thermal energy by
a. conduction.
c. radiation.
b. convection.
d. both a and b
____ 41. Which of the following materials conducts heat well?
a. plastic
b. metal
____ 42. Which temperature scale has no negative numbers?
a. Celsius
b. Kelvin