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Genetics Quiz Multiple Choice - Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. An error in the production of contractile proteins will most likely affect a. cell energy use. d. waste management. b. cell movement. e. none of the above. c. excretion of materials. ____ 2. Vesicles are formed during a. protein synthesis. b. endocytosis. c. cellular respiration. d. photosynthesis. e. cell division. ____ 3. What is the correct sequence of the following events that occur in mitosis? 1. The cytoplasm and organelles are divided between the daughter cells. 2. The nucleolus and nuclear envelope reappear. 3. The centromere splits. 4. The chromosomes condense and the nucleolus disappears. 5. The chromosomes are pulled to the poles of the cell. 6. The chromosomes line up on the equatorial plane. a. 2, 1, 3, 6, 5, 4 d. 4, 6, 3, 5, 2, 1 b. 1, 4, 3, 5, 6, 2 e. 4, 6, 3, 2, 5, 1 c. 4, 3, 6, 5, 1, 2 ____ 4. If the centromere in one of your 46 chromosomes does not split until telophase, it would result in a. two cells, each with 46 chromosomes. b. two cells, each with 23 chromosomes. c. two cells, one with 45 chromosomes and one with 47 chromosomes. d. two cells, one with 23 chromosomes and one with 46 chromosomes. e. two cells, one with 40 and chromosomes and one with 52 chromosomes. ____ 5. An important feature of meiosis is that it a. results in the production of a fertilized egg cell. b. minimizes the number of genetically different gametes. c. doubles the chromosome number between successive generations. d. maintains the same number of chromosomes in the organism between generations. e. reduces the number of chromosomes in the organism between generations. ____ 6. Which is a result of meiosis? a. Chromosome number is reduced to one-half the original number. b. New combinations of genes are produced when crossing over occurs. c. Maternal and paternal chromosomes are mixed when homologous chromosomes separate independently. d. Genetic variation is maintained within species. e. All of these choices are results of meiosis. ____ 7. Classify the following statement: The chromosomes are replicated in interphase. a. mitosis d. neither mitosis nor meiosis b. meiosis e. both mitosis and meiosis c. fertilization ____ 8. Classify the following statement: The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. a. mitosis d. neither mitosis nor meiosis b. meiosis e. both mitosis and meiosis c. fertilization ____ 9. The genetic defect known as Down Syndrome is due to a. an extra chromosome. d. a missing sex chromosome. b. a nonfunctional enzyme. e. two female sex chromosome c. linkage and crossing over. ____ 10. How many chromosomes would occur in each body cell of a person who has combined Down/Klinefelter syndrome? a. 23 d. 47 b. 45 e. 48 c. 46 ____ 11. Down Syndrome a. occurs only in females. b. occurs in males and females equally. c. is a result of an extra chromosome. d. is caused by a missing chromosome. e. occurs only in males. ____ 12. A gene exists in two different forms (A and a). With respect to the allele present, which type of gamete can a homozygous recessive individual produce? a. a d. A and a b. A e. AA c. Aa ____ 13. Although there are many genes that modify the expression of eye colour in humans, in general, dark eye colour is dominant to blue eye colour. Freckles are also dominant to no freckles. These genes are located on different chromosomes. If one parent is blue-eyed with no freckles and the other is heterozygous for dark eye colour and freckles, which ratio of phenotypes may be seen in the offspring? a. 1 dark eye–freckles: 1 blue eye–freckles b. 1 dark eye–freckles: 1 blue eye–freckles: 1 dark eye–no freckles c. 1 dark eye–freckles: 1 dark eye–no freckles: 1 blue eye-freckles: 1 blue eye–no freckles d. 9 dark eye–freckles: 3 dark eye–no freckles: 3 blue eye–freckles: 1 blue eye–no freckles e. 3 dark eye–freckles: 1 dark eye–no freckles: 3 blue eye–freckles: 9 blue eye–no freckles ____ 14. The cross that would yield some organisms homozygous recessive for both genes is a. TTrr TTrr. d. TTRr ttRr. b. TtRr ttRR. e. TtRr ttRr. c. ttRR TTr. ____ 15. If K and R both produce purple colour, how many chances in 16 will there be for purple offspring to occur in the cross KkRr KkRr? a. 3 d. 15 b. 9 e. 16 c. 12 Matching Match the process of cell division to the following events. a. mitosis b. meiosis ____ 16. daughter cells are genetically identical to each other and parent cell ____ 17. results in two daughter cells ____ 18. cells are haploid ____ 19. introduces genetic variation into a species ____ 20. daughter cells are different from each other and parent cell ____ 21. cells are diploid ____ 22. results in four cells ____ 23. involves two divisions ____ 24. involved in the production of sex cells ____ 25. involves one division Short Answer 26. What does the cell theory state? 27. Explain why homologous chromosomes are paired. 28. How did Mendel determine that the allele for a yellow seed is dominant over the allele for a green seed? Genetics Quiz Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: B 2. ANS: B 3. ANS: D 4. ANS: C 5. ANS: D 6. ANS: E 7. ANS: E 8. ANS: A 9. ANS: A 10. ANS: E 11. ANS: C 12. ANS: A 13. ANS: C 14. ANS: E 15. ANS: D MATCHING 16. ANS: A 17. ANS: A 18. ANS: B 19. ANS: B 20. ANS: B 21. ANS: A 22. ANS: B 23. ANS: B 24. ANS: B 25. ANS: A PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: K/U K/U K/U I K/U K/U K/U K/U K/U I K/U I I I I OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: 1.2 1.3 3.2 3.2 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.2 4.6 4.6 4.6 PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: REF: K/U K/U K/U K/U K/U K/U K/U K/U K/U K/U OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: OBJ: 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 SHORT ANSWER 26. ANS: 1. All living things are made up of one or more cells (and their products). 2. The cell is the smallest entity that retains the properties of life. 3. New cells arise only from cells that already exist. Note: this is the text wording; any similar ideas should be accepted. 27. ANS: Homologous chromosomes are paired chromosomes because they are similar is shape, size, and gene arrangement. 28. ANS: Mendel considered the traits that were expressed most often as dominant, and those that were expressed less frequently were considered recessive.