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Name _________________________________________________ Quinless/Kelly World Cultures and Geography Date ___________________ Study Guide: Islam Directions: You need to know the following: What you need to know What does Islam mean? Who is a Muslim? Answers Surrender or submission to Allah (God). Any believer in the Islamic religion. In what region of the world do the Only 20% of Muslims live in the Middle East. The majority majority of Muslims live? (62%) of Muslims live in the Asia-Pacific region of the World (Indonesia has the largest population of Muslims) What percent of the worldwide Muslim population is Middle20% Eastern? Are Abraham and Jesus respected in the Islamic faith? Who was the prophet Muhammad? Yes. Muslims respect and recognize Abraham and Jesus as prophets. However, Muslims believe the final prophet was Muhammad and he was the one who wrote God’s words. Why is the city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia important to Muslims? Muhammad is believed to be the final prophet to Muslims. Muslims believe he spoke to God and wrote all of God’s words down in the Quran. Muslims believe there will be a final day of judgment. On this day believers and those that follow the five pillars and teachings within the Quran will be taken to paradise and those that have not will be taken to hell. Mecca is the original city where Muhammad spoke to Allah. Mecca is also home to what Muslims believe to be the original home of Allah, known as the Kaaba. What is the Quran? Who wrote it? The Quran is the holy book of Muslims. It was written by Muhammad over a span of several years and it’s believed to be the actual words of God (by Muslims). What do Muslims believe about an afterlife? The Quran is considered by Muslims to be the actual words of What is the difference between God, written by Muhammad. The Quran is different from the holy books like the Quran and New Testament (Bible) because the Quran is much less the New Testament? narrative (story-based) while the New Testament includes narratives about the life of Jesus. Hadiths are written accounts by people that supposedly had What is a Hadith? Do all Muslims interactions with Muhammad and wrote stories about him. Many believe in the scripture found in Hadiths are not followed or believed by Muslims because many Hadiths? are just considered stories by people. What is the name for the holy Muslims pray in Mosques. Muslims face the Kaaba, which is in place of worship Muslims pray the Grand Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. in? Where do Muslims face when they pray? What is the name of the holy shrine at the Grand Mosque in Mecca? Kaaba What is call to prayer? Muslims must pray 5 times a day, call to prayer calls through music which signals Muslims to pray What is the name of the tall towers on mosques? Minaret What are the 5 pillars of Islam? Rules or methods of workshop that are written in the Quran that all Muslims should follow Explain Pillar 1: Shahadah You must recite the following: “Allah is God and Muhammad is the prophet” Explain Pillar 2: Salat Praying 5 times a day in the direction of Mecca. Explain Pillar 3: Zakat Fasting during the month of Ramadan Explain Pillar 4: Sawm Giving 2.5 percent of one’s income to the poor Explain Pillar 5: Hajj Making a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once during one’s lifetime if physically able Part 2: Changing Stereotypes to Qualified Statements Use information from your notes and class activities to change the following stereotypes into true, qualified statements. YOU MUST HAVE FACTS TO SUPPORT YOUR TRUE STATEMENTS. Stereotype “All Muslims are Arab and live in the Middle East” “All Muslims are terrorists” “Islam oppresses women” “The deity worshipped in Islam (Allah) different than deities worshipped in other religions.” “Islam teaches its followers to hate people from other religions.” “The word Jihad is the name for the holy war Muslims are fighting against the world” Qualified statement and FACTS that disprove the stereotype 1.5 Billion Muslims in the world. Only 20% of the worldwide Muslim population lives in the Middle East. 61% of Muslims live in Asia-Pacific countries. Almost 95% of Muslims denounce acts relating to terrorism. Only 6% of terrorist attacks on the U.S. have been by Muslim extremists. The majority of terrorist actions have been conducted by people living within the United States. While there are some Muslim nations that oppress women, MOST of the Muslim world does NOT engage in these actions. Muslim women have been presidents and prime ministers. Violence towards women and forcing actions against the will of women is not permitted by Islam. Islam not only respects and acknowledges other prophets like Abraham and Jesus but, the religion of the Jews and Christians is the same as that revealed to Muhammad, and Allah is God of them all. Islam not only respects and acknowledges other prophets like Abraham and Jesus but, the religion of the Jews and Christians is the same as that revealed to Muhammad, and Allah is God of them all. Jihad means struggle. Jihad applies to any internal or external struggle a human deals with.