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Download Chapter 4: The Anatomy and Investigation of the Nervous System
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THIS CONCEPT SHEET IS AN INCOMPLETE DRAFT PROVIDED FOR STUDENT STUDY BENEFIT. AN UPDATED VERSION WILL FOLLOW Chapter 4: The Anatomy and Investigation of the Nervous System Part 1: Central Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System Somatic Nervous System Autonomic Nervous System Parasympathetic Nervous System Craniosacral System Sympathetic Nervous System Horizontal-Plane Coronal (frontal) Plane Sagittal Plane Dorsal-Ventral Anterior-Posterior Superior-Inferior The Divisions of the Vertebrate Nervous SystemSpinal cord Superior colliculus Ganglion (Dorsal and Ventral Root) Substantia Nigra Bell-Megendie Law Forebrain “in sympathy” Limbic System Acetylcholine Hypothalamus Norepinephrine Thalamus Hindbrain Pituitary Gland Medulla Basal Ganglia Pons Hippocampus Cerebellum Ventricles Midbrain Choroid Plexus Tectum Cerebrospinal Fluid Tegmentum Subarachnoid Space & Meninges Hydrocephalus Question & Concepts 1. Outline the major division of the human nervous system. Be complete. 2. Be able to describe the position of an anatomical body in proper terms. (Planes/Location). 3. What is the role of the spinal cord? How do the dorsal and ventral roots each assist in this role? 4. What is the gray and white matter of the spinal cord? Why is it that the gray matter is mostly found in the center of the spinal cord, while the white matter is found on the outside? 5. Roughly, what are the functional differences between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems? What are the anatomical differences between these two independent system systems? What is the primary chemical substance secreted by the neurons in each system? How does cold medicine work? 6. What are the three major divisions of the vertebrate brain. List and describe the function of the major structures in each division. 7. Why is a disturbance in the functioning of the medulla usually fatal? Give an example. 8. What is thought to be partly responsible for the progression of Parkinson’s Disease? 9. What set of structures appear related to emotional experience and behavior? 10. How does CSF in the ventricles act to nourish and protect the brain? How does hydrocephalus relate to this question? How do the subarachnoid space and menninges relate to this issue of protecting the brain? Cerebral Cortex Gray matter White Matter Corpus Collosum Laminae Columns Sensory Area PART 2: The Cerebral Cortex Motor Area Primary Somatosensory Cortex Association Area Central Sulcus Occipital Lobe Left/Right Sided Neglect Frontal Lobe Kluver-Bucy Syndrome Parietal Lobe Motor cortex Temporal Lobe Precentral Gyrus Primary visual Cortex Prefrontal Cortex Cortical Blindness Prefrontal lobotomies Question & Concepts: 1. What is the importance of the cerebral cortex and can we survive without it? 2. What is the significance of laminae 4 and 5? If neuron exists with in the same column, what will be true? 3. What is the difference in function between sensory and association areas of the brain? 4. What are the 4 major lobes of the cerebral cortex? What is the functional significance of each lobe? 5. Describe the functions of the 4 bands of the primary somatosensory cortex. 6. If the somatosensory areas for the cheeks is large and neck are small, how does these anatomical differences affect our sensory experiences? 7. What are the primary functions of the temporal lobe area? What does the Kluver-Bucy Syndrome suggest another role of the temporal lobes may be? 8. What are the 3 parts of the frontal lobe described in class? What is the function of each? 9. What were the hope and reality of the prefrontal lobotomy surgical technique?
