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EDEXCEL C2 Lesson 1 - Elements and The Periodic Table Mrs Barnes CCYD 2012-2013 Learning Objectives By the end of this lesson you should be able to: • Explain how Mendeleev arranged the elements into what we know as the periodic table. • Understand the importance of his ‘leaving gaps’ and making predictions. • State a definition for elements. • Recognise names and symbols of elements. • Find symbols for elements in the periodic table. Success Criteria • All of you will add the cause and symptoms of 3 diseases to your coursework sheets. • Most of you will use the key words to recount the virus infection. • Some of you will complete the merit task of annotating a cartoon strip. Starter • List ……. 21 gaseous elements liquid element atroom room at 4 metal elements 3 5 non-metals Solid Elements temperature temperature • Look at the things around you and the substances that they are made from- wood metal plastic and glass… the list is almost endless. • All substances are made of atoms. We think there are about 100 different types of atom, there are only about 100 different elements. • Elements can have very different properties. For example, elements such as silver, copper and gold are shiny solids. Other elements such as oxygen, nitrogen and chlorine are gases. • History of the periodic table • Dobereiner suggested that elements could be grouped in threes, (triads). Each member of the triad had similar properties. • History of the periodic table • Newlands arranged elements in order of increasing atomic mass. He noticed that there was some th similarity between every 8 element. These were Newland’s Octaves. The pattern broke down because he did not leave gaps for undiscovered elements. • History of the periodic table • Meyer looked at the relationship between atomic mass and the density of an element. He plotted a graph of atomic volume against relative atomic mass and obtained a curve with peaks and troughs. Elements with similar properties were in similar places on the graph. • History of the periodic table • Mendeleev arranged elements in order of atomic mass and took account of similar properties. He left gaps for undiscovered elements and even predicted the properties these missing elements should have. Homework • Find the periodic table in your diary. • You must learn the names, symbols and order of the first 20 elements. • The symbols in the periodic table represent atoms. For example, O represents an atom of oxygen while We need Na representstoanknow atom of sodium. The elements in the table are all about arranged in vertical columns, called later!!! groups. Eachthis group contains elements with similar chemical properties. Compounds • Almost all of the substances around us are not pure elements. Most substances are made up of different atoms joined together to form compounds. Some compounds are made from just two types of atom joined together (e.g. water, made from hydrogen and oxygen). Other compounds consist of many different types of atom. Key Points • 1. All substances are made up of atoms. • 2. Elements contain only one type of atom. • 3. Different atoms can bond together by giving, taking or sharing electrons, to form compounds. Recap Learning Objectives Can we all now: • State a definition for elements. • Recognise names and symbols of elements or compounds. • Find symbols for elements in the periodic table.