Download September 17 Worksheet Answer Key

Biol 212 Worksheet:
Energetics
Supplemental Instruction
Iowa State University
Leader:
Course:
Instructor:
Date:
Greg
Biology 212 (2)
Kukday
9/17/15
1. REVIEW: What are the two laws regarding energy? Why are they important?
1st – Energy isn’t created or destroyed, just transferred. Means we need to get energy
from a source (ie. Plants get energy from the sun, us from food)
2nd -- Transfer of energy increases entropy; ie energy becomes more disordered
2. REVIEW: Briefly describe how ATP hydrolysis releases energy.
Bond breaking of the phosphate group requires energy, but the forming of the new
Hydrogen bonds releases much more energy
3. REVIEW: What are enzymes? How are they regulated?
Enzymes are natural catalysts, normally proteins. Regulated by both inhibitors and
activators. Feedback inhibition is important as the products regulate a sequence of
reactions.
4.
Process
Location
Starting Materials Final Materials Anaerobic
or Aerobic?
Glycolysis
Cytoplasm
Glucose
2 ATP
Oxygen
2 Pyruvate
Independent
2 NADH+ H+
Alcoholic
Yeast
Pyruvate
Alcohol and CO2 Anaerobic
Fermentation
2 ATP
Lactate
Eukaryotes
Pyruvate
Lactic Acid
Anaerobic
Fermentation
2 ATP
Pyruvate
Matrix of the Pyruvate
Acetyl CoA
Aerobic
Processing
Mitochondria
2 ATP
Citric Acid
Matrix of the Acetyl CoA
6 NADH+
Aerobic
Cycle
Mitochondria
2 FADH2
2 ATP
6 CO2,
Electron
Inner
Oxygen
28 ATP
Aerobic
Transport Chain Membrane of NADH
H2O
the
FADH2
Mitochondria
5. What does pyruvate dehydrogenase do? What is a treatment for PDH deficiency?
PDH converts Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA. A treatment is a high fatty diet.
6. Briefly describe Patrick’s case study. What was wrong with Patrick?
Patrick had a genetic condition such that he had a deficiency of PDH.
7. TEST QUESTION: Which of the following is not true regarding energy?
a. Potential energy represents stored energy; eg. energy in chemical bonds.
b. Kinetic energy represents the energy of motion; eg. heat energy.
c. The first law of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed.
d. The second law of energy states that transfer of energy decreases entropy.
8. TEST QUESTION: In humans, when oxygen is not present, what is the next step in the
metabolic pathway after glycolysis?
a. Lactate Fermentation
c. Alcoholic Fermentation
b. Citric Acid Cycle
d. Electron Transport Chain
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