Download Chapter 5 Homework Part I. Name: Starts on page 83 What type of

Chapter 5 Homework Part I.
Starts on page 83
Name: ____________________________________________
1. What type of macromolecule stores the most energy?
2. How many ATP molecules does it take per second to power an active muscle
cell?
3. What is the evolutionary reason for the feeling of hunger?
4. We can trae the energy stored in all of our food to the _____________.
5. Describe what producers and consumers are in terms of energy.
6. What do consumers (including ourselves) obtain from food besides energy?
7. What is cellular respiration? What organelle does it take place in (in
eukaryotic cells)?
8. Sketch figure 5.3
9. Briefly describe the following terms:
a. Energy
b. Work
c. Kinetic energy
d. Potential energy
e. The principle of conservation of energy
f. Heat
g. Entropy
h. Chemical energy
10. What do carbohydrates, fats, and gasoline have in common?
11. How do living cells and automobile engines make chemical energy stored in
molecules available for work?
12. What is a calorie?
13. A food Calorie (capital C) is actually a ______________________.
14. __________provides the chemical energy for cellular work.
15. ATP stands for:
16. Sketch figure 5.7
17. Why is there so much potential energy stored in the outmost bond between
the phosphate groups in the ATP molecule?
18. How does ATP cause muscle cells to contract?
19. Write specific examples of the following types of work conducted by your
cells
a. Mechanical work
b. Transport work
c. Chemical work
20. How is ATP recycled?
21. Cellular respiration is ____________________ , in other words it requires oxygen.
22. How is breathing related to cellular respiration? (We often use respiration
and breathing synonymously in every day language).
23. Write the respiration equation here:
24. How many ATP molecules are produced for each glucose molecule consumed
in cellular respiration?
25. A. What are Redox reactions? What is redox short for?
b. What is oxidation? What is oxidized during respiration?
c. What is reduction? What is reduced during respiration?
d. Which atom is a stronger “electron grabber” than almost any other type
of atom?
26. In the following redox reaction, which compound is oxidized and which is
reduced?
C4H6O5 + NAD+  C4H4O5 + NADH + H+
27. During the fall of an electron _______________________ _______________ is released.
28. What molecule provides an intermediary step for electrons in the electron
transport chain from glucose to oxygen?
29. What is metabolism?
30. What is a metabolic pathway?
31. A. How many reactions are involved in cellular respiration?
B. Each of these reactions is catalyzed by a specific ____________________.
32. Summarize each step of cellular respiration (include specifically which
molecules are involved and what happens to them at each step.
A. Glycolysis
B. The Krebs Cycle
C. Electron Transport
33. What is ATP synthase?
34. What is the potential energy source that directly drives ATP production by
ATP synthase?
35. How do carbon monoxide and cyanide poison the body at the molecular
level?
36. Name some other types of food molecules which the body can use for food
other than glucose.
37. Using figure 5.20, summarize how many ATP molecules are produced in each
step of the cellular respiration reaction, and where in the cell each reaction
occurs.
38. Based on the cellular location of the steps of the cellular respiration reaction
(#37), which part of the reaction do you expect prokaryotic organisms to be
able to perform?