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Handout 5-1 Student’s Name _________________________ Chapter 5: Introduction to Pathophysiology—Quiz Circle the letter of the best answer to each multiple-choice question. 1. Pathophysiology is: a. b. c. d. 2. What controls the movement of water and other substances into and out of a cell? a. b. c. d. 3. Oxygen Carbon dioxide Electrolytes DNA What is the best explanation for why anaerobic metabolism is destructive? a. b. c. d. 5. Cell nucleus Cell membrane DNA Cell metabolism _______ is a necessary component used by cells to metabolize glucose into energy. a. b. c. d. 4. the study of healthy body systems and how they function together. the study of what causes disease. the study of human body structures. the study of how disease processes affect body function. It creates carbon dioxide, which is toxic to the human body in any amount. It converts glucose instead of oxygen into cellular energy. It causes an accumulation of waste, which becomes toxic for the cells. It causes a decrease in the levels of oxygen, leading to hypoxia. How is water introduced into the body? a. b. c. d. Drinking fluids Breathing Sweating Urine production 6. When fluid leaks into the spaces between cells, it can result in: a. b. c. d. 7. _______ is the most common lower airway obstruction. a. b. c. d. 8. trachea. alveoli. cell membrane. medulla oblongata. All of the following contribute to the pressure within the cardiovascular system, EXCEPT: a. b. c. d. 10. Alveolitis The tongue Soft tissue trauma Bronchoconstriction Gas exchange occurs only with the air that actually reaches the: a. b. c. d. 9. permeability. edema. aerobic metabolism. patency. the internal diameter of the blood vessels. the blood volume. the pumping of the heart. the proper functioning of the medulla oblongata. Shock is always the result of: a. b. c. d. anaerobic metabolism. bleeding. hypoperfusion. vessel dilation. ©2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. EMR 10 Handout 5-2 Student’s Name _________________________ Chapter 5 Review Select the term from the list that best completes each sentence. Then write it in the space provided. Use proper capitalization if necessary. (HINT: Each term on the list is used only once.) [ED-1: There are 15 words here, but four of them actually make up two terms: gas exchange (the answer to #8) and medulla oblongata (the answer to #9). I think it’s confusing to have them split up, and it will confuse the students. I recommend they be put back together in the following list. If you agree, please delete the semicolons in the answer key, too.] FIXED oxygen medulla oblongata autonomic cell mechanically vasoconstriction dehydration pulmonary electrically pediatric gas exchange sympathetic hypertension 1. Shock is among the leading killers of _______ patients. 2. Children rely heavily on _______ to compensate for blood volume loss. 3. In most cases of hypoperfusion, the _______ nervous system causes blood vessels to constrict and the heart to beat faster and stronger. 4. The heart can fail in two different ways: _______ or _______. 5. _______ can cause pressure-related problems such as stroke and kidney failure. 6. The _______ nervous system plays a major role in controlling vessel diameter. 7. Deoxygenated blood that has been returned to the right side of the heart is transferred to the lungs by way of the _______ arteries and arterioles. 8. Proper _______ _______ occurs only when the respiratory system is paired with appropriate cardiovascular function. 9. Breathing is controlled by an area of the brain called the _______ _______. 10. Aerobic metabolism requires a constant supply of _______. 11. An abnormal decrease in the total amount of water in the body is commonly referred to as _______. 12. The most basic unit of the human body is the _______. ©2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. EMR 10 Handout 5-3 Student’s Name _________________________ True or False Indicate if each of the following statements is true or false by writing T or F in the space provided. ________ 1. The cell membrane is the outer, protective layer of the cell. ________ 2. Aerobic metabolism is not healthy for the body. ________ 3. The air we breathe contains approximately 60 percent oxygen. ________ 4. The volume of air moved in and out with each breath is called tidal volume. ________ 5. Medical reasons such as stroke, brain tumors, and infection can disrupt the brain’s stimulus to breathe. ________ 6. The sympathetic fight-or-flight response decreases heart rate and the strength of the heart’s contractions. ________ 7. If bleeding develops within the chest, blood can accumulate in the pleural space and cause a hemothorax. ________ 8. An altered mental status relaxes the muscles of the pharynx and the soft tissues, including the tongue and epiglottis, obstructing airflow. ________ 9. Water is eliminated from the body by sweating, breathing, and making urine. [ED-2: I changed this to reflect not only common sense but also the information shown in the lesson plan under section IV. I’ve also changed the answer key to “T” instead of “F.”] OK ________ 10. Oxygen fuels the fire of metabolism. ©2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. EMR 10 Answer Key Handout 5-1: Chapter 5 Quiz 1. d 2. b 3. a 4. c 5. a 6. b 7. d 8. b 9. d 10. c Handout 5-2: Chapter 5 Review 1. pediatric 2. vasoconstriction 3. autonomic 4. mechanically; electrically 5. Hypertension 6. sympathetic 7. pulmonary 8. gas exchange 9. medulla oblongata 10. oxygen 11. dehydration 12. cell Handout 5-3: True or False 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T 6. F 7. T 8. T 9. T 10. T ©2016 by Pearson Education, Inc. EMR 10