Download Structure of muscles tissues

NAME: ALADE ADETUTU SEFINAT
MATRIC NO: 14/MHS02/008
DEPT: NURSING SCIENCE
LEVEL: 200L
COURSE: HISTOLOGY
MUSCLES TISSUES
Structure of muscles tissues
all muscles tissues have a superficial covering of vary thickness called fascia,
made of connective tissue and laced with adipose tissue inside the facia, the
muscles tissue is surrounded by epimysium and individual muscles bundles or
faciculus are surrounded by perimysium.
There are three types of muscles tissue which can be described from the level of
details of the muscles fibre (muscles cells) through all the other muscles
structures and parts of structures that bind muscles cells together enabling them
to perform their functions. They are:
SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE
Structure: A skeletal muscles is called “striated” because of its appearance
consisting of light and dark bands visible using a light microscope. A single cell
skeletal muscle cell is long and approximately cylindrical in shape, with many
nuclei located at the edges (periphery) of the cells.
Functions:
Movement of the skeleton: under conscious control including movement of
limbs, fingers, toes, neck, etc.
Movement of tissue: of facial expression under conscious control, e.g ability to
smile and to frown.
CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE
Structure: found in the heart and responsible for contraction of cardiac tissue
and distribution of blood cardiac muscles fibers are striated, branched
(sometimes described as y-shaped), and have single central nucleus. these
fibers are attached at their ends to adjoining fibers by thick plasma membranes
called intercalated discs.
Function
Pumping of blood through the heart: Alternate contraction and relaxation of
cardiac muscle pumps (de-oxygenated blood through the right atrium and right
ventricle to the lungs and oxygenated blood through the left atrium and left
ventricle to the aorta, then the rest of the body)
SMOOTH MUSCLES TISSUE
Structure: unlike skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue, smooth muscles “Is nonstriated, anucleated”, but similar to cardiac tissue relative to functional
spontaneity and long sustained contraction. Smooth muscle fibers are small and
tapered with the ends reducing in size, in contrast to the cylindrical shape of
skeletal muscle. Each smooth muscle fiber has a single centrally located nucleus.
It is found in the lining of blood vessels, urinary bladder, kidneys, esophagus
and small intestines.
FUNCTION
Contraction of smooth muscle constrict (i.e narrow= reduce the diameter of) the
vessels they surround. This is particularly important in the digestive in which the
action of smooth muscles helps to move food along the gastrointestinal tract as
well as breaking the food down further. Smooth muscles also contributes to the
moving fluids through the body and to the elimination of indigestible matter
from the gastrointestinal system.
COMPARISM OF THE 3 TYPES OF MUSCLES TISSUE
SKELETAL
MUSCLE
TISSSUE
Attached to
bones, in the case
of facial muscles
CARDIAC
MUSCLE
TISSUE
Wall of the
heart
Voluntary or
involuntary
Striations
voluntary
involuntary
Wall of hollow
internal
structure(blood
vessels, stomach,
urinary bladder,
airways to the
lungs, intestines)
involuntary
striated
striated
nonstriated
Cell nuclei
Many nuclei
(located at the
periphery of long
cylindrical muscle
fiber
one
One( centrally
located) nucleus
LOCATIONS OF
MUSCLE TYPE
REFERENCES
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SMOOTH
MUSCLE TISSUE