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Your Muscles Welcome Back! Types of Muscles Cardiac Muscle Found solely in the walls of the heart It is similar to skeletal muscles in that it is striated It is similar to smooth muscle in that it’s contractions are not under conscious control Highly specialized Highly resistant to fatigue Smooth Muscle Also known as unstriated muscles due to the lack of the stripey appearance Are involuntary because we are not able to control them Found in the walls of hollow organs such as the stomach, bronchi and in the walls of blood vessels Skeletal Muscle Attach to bone Main function is contracting to facilitate movement of skeleton Also known as striated muscles due to appearance Are voluntary because we control them Have the ability to stretch or contract and still return to their original shape Skeletal Muscle There are 3 different fiber types of skeletal muscle Type 1 – Slow Twitch Type 2A – Fast Twitch Oxydative Type 2B – Fast Twitch Glycolytic ATP- Adenosine triphosphate - the biochemical way to store & use energy. For your muscles & every cell in your body, it’s the source of energy that keeps everything going. Type 1 Fibers Known as Slow Twitch Fibers Very resistant to fatigue Capable of producing repeated lowlevel contractions by producing large amounts of ATP through an aerobic metabolic cycle Mainly in postural muscles such as neck & around spine Marathon runners have a high number of this type of fiber, partly through genetics, mainly through training Type 2A Fibers Known as Fast Twitch Oxydative Fibers Hybrid of type 1 & type 2 Manufacture & split ATP at a fast rate by utilizing both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism Produce fast, strong muscle contractions More prone to fatigue than type 1 Resistance training can turn type 2b fibers into type 2A due to enhanced ability to utilize the oxidative cycle Type 2B Fibers Known as Fast Twitch Glycolytic Fibers Produce ATP at a slow rate by anaerobic metabolism and break it down very quickly Produce short, fast bursts of power and rapid fatigue Found in large quantities in the muscles of the arms More prone to fatigue than type 2A Can be turned into Type 2A by resistance training