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5th Grade Health Study Guide Chap. 1: “Your Transportation System” Test Date: Wednesday, March 16th Important Facts: 1. Plasma – a. the part of your blood that carries digested food. b. the liquid part of your blood 2. Scab – a blood clot on your skin 3. Veins – carry blood to your heart 4. White blood cells – fight off infection 5. Platelets – help the clotting of the blood 6. A child has about three quarts of blood 7. Antibodies help fight pathogens (germs) 8. Capillaries – the smallest blood vessels Be able to label the parts of the heart: aorta right atrium left atrium pulmonary artery right ventricle left ventricle upper vena cava lower vena cava Parts of the Circulatory System: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. ventricle – a lower chamber of the heart valves – little door-like flaps atrium – an upper chamber of the heart aorta – the largest artery in the body pulmonary artery – supplies blood to the lungs venae cavae – two large veins that enter the heart Important facts: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. blood pressure – the pressure of blood against the arteries cardiac muscle – another name for the heart circulation – the flow of blood throughout the body pulse – the expanding of arteries after each heartbeat varicose vein – an enlarged, painful vein Iron gives red blood cells their color Our bodies need one full day of rest each week Blood travels through 60,000 miles of pipeline in our bodies Two things that help keep the heart healthy: a. rest b. exercise