Download SOCIAL STUDIES EXAM REVIEW Short Answer B.C.E = ______

SOCIAL STUDIES EXAM REVIEW
Short Answer
1. B.C.E = _____________ ____________ ____________
2. B.C = ______________ ____________
3. A.D=______________ _____________
4. A.C.E = ____________ ____________
5. The answer to #3 is Latin. The English translation means ________________________.
6. What is prehistory?
7. What is the difference between a primary source and a secondary source?
8. A slanted view of something, or a one-sided view, is called _________
9. What are artifacts?
10. The science looking at the study of humans is called ______________.
11. The science looking at the study of languages is called ____________.
12. The science looking at the study of the land and rocks is called ______________.
13. What is paleontology?
14. The science looking at the study of society is called _____________.
15. The science looking at the study of the mind and human behavior is called ___________.
16. What is archaeology?
17. What were the two main time periods called during prehistory?
18. Name four of the 6 earliest civilizations.
a. _____________
c. _____________
b. _____________
d. _____________
19. What did Mesopotamia mean?
20. On which 2 rivers did Mesopotamia rely?
21. Name two of the four main empires that existed in Mesopotamia.
22. What was Mesopotamia’s most important technological advancement?
23. What is the present day country that is located in the area formerly know as Mesopotamia?
24. What caused the soil of Mesopotamia to become so fertile?
25. What name did the region containing the fertile soil gain?
26. This Babylonian King was very cruel and created a harsh written code of law.
27. Where did the earliest Aegean (Greek) civilization establish?
28. What is Asia Minor now called?
29. The Minoan civilization was named after whom?
30. What is it believe that bull leaping was originally?
31. There are two main theories that are believed to have led to the destruction of the Minoan Civilization. One is a
volcano eruption destroying the civilization. What is the other?
32. How did the Mycenaean civilization gain their wealth?
33. Where did the main fortress for the Mycenaean stand? What would be the purpose of this?
34. What did most of the Mycenaean frescos represent?
35. What famous battle is the Mycenaean civilization known for fighting?
36. Give 4 geographical features of Greece.
37. What was ancient Greece originally called?
38. What were the people of ancient Greece originally called?
39. Most popular transportation was what?
40. Who was the Greek god/goddess that represented Athens?
41. What was the purpose of education in Athens?
42. What was a girl’s education in Athens and Sparta?
43. What was the climate in Ancient Greece in the winter? In the summer?
44. Who got a formal education in Sparta and Athens?
45. What happened to many rivers in the summer?
46. Who were citizens in the city-state of Athens?
47. Who were citizens in the city state of Sparta?
48. During the Greek Dark Ages a group of foreign invaders called ________ invaded mainland Greece.
49. Identify two features of Greece’s landscape.
50. The process of establishing colonies or settlements is called _______________.
SOCIAL STUDIES EXAM REVIEW
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The two largest city-states in ancient Greece were ___________________ and __________________.
Why did the city-state become the greatest division between the Greeks?
What was the effect of Greece being very mountainous?
In what year did Rome fall?
Rome fought a series of wars with whom?
What was the name of the wars with the North African power?
Romans spoke what language?
Rome grew out of three groups of people, the Indo Europeans, the _________ and the _________.
Rome was this type of government for 500 years.
What group of people had the most say in the Roman government?
The last king of Rome was Tarquin the ________.
The two more popular forms of entertainment that focused on war were ________ and ______________.
What class made up the majority of power in the Roman Senate?
The Roman soldier was called a ______________.
The Roman soldier served in a group of approximately 5000 other soldiers called a _________.
What was the duty of the tribune?
Once Rome became more democratic, why did the leaders choose to have two leaders instead of one?
What two brothers were the legendary founders of Rome?
Who was the first emperor of Rome?
What group of people taught Roman society a lot of their ways and customs?
What were the “Twelve Tables”?
Indicate two of the three main rivers on the Italian Peninsula.
The Last emperor in the Roman Empire was ___________________.
What did Emperor Constantine do to help Christianity thrive?
What obstacles did Alexander face crossing to India?
Longer Questions
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Discuss the benefits of Mesopotamia, Athens, and Rome being built up on the rivers.
What were some of the problems with living near a river valley? (3 points)
Why was Sparta ticked off at Athens after the Persian wars? (Give at least 3 reasons)
What were the difficulties faced by Alexander on his military campaign to India as well as when he arrived in India?
Why did the Spartans not show up to help Athens in the Battle of Marathon? (Give at least 2 reasons)
What did the Spartans do to defeat the Athenians once and for all in the Peloponnesian wars and what did the Spartans do to
Athens? (Discuss the changes made and treatment)
Fully Explain what happened in 2 of the following battles:
a. Battle of Thermopylae
c. Phase 1 of the Peloponnesian Wars
b. Salamis Bay
d. The attack on Syracuse in Phase 2
What made Christianity so appealing to the people of Rome over the traditional religion?
Why was Augustus so popular as an emperor of Rome?
What contributions did the civilizations of Greek and Rome give to later civilizations (even to us today)? (How did they impact
later civilizations?)
Explain the period of 5 Good Emperors. What was different that made it so significant?
What was the Pax Romana.
Explain the downfall of the Roman Empire. What led to its collapse?
Discuss how the geography and climate of Ancient Greece impacted its civilizations. Ancient Rome?
What were the major differences between Greek and Roman mythology compared to Christianity?
What were the similarities and differences between the governments Athens, Sparta, and Rome?
Discuss how Athens acted after the Persian wars which led to the Peloponnesian wars.
Match
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Alps
Apennine
Patricians
Plebians
Consuls
Pogroms
Dictator
A. The common folks in Rome.
B. Early Roman water system.
C. A country led by the wishes of the people rather than a king.
D. One person has supreme power.
E. The mountains on the northern border of Italy.
F. The rule by a king or queen.
G. Two leaders of the Roman who would make decisions together.
SOCIAL STUDIES EXAM REVIEW
8.
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Allies
Aqueducts
Republic
H. The wealthy class of Rome.
I. The mountains on the eastern border of Italy.
J. Raids against Jewish and Christian communities during the Roman Empire.
Monarchy
K. Partial Roman citizens from conquered territories.
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Polis
Socrates
Phillip II
Homer
Demos
Phalanx
Pericles
Phidippides
Delian League
Oligarchy
Monarchy
Mycale
Athena
Aristotle
Cimon
Thucydides
Leonidas
Crete
Porus
Metics
Helots
Hera
Tyranny
Dionysus
Ecclesia
Plato
Hellas
Anthropomorphic
Monogamy
Polytheistic
Fresco
Epics
Ziggurats
Concubines
Priests
Scribes
Cuneiform
Monotheistic
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
AA
BB
CC
DD
EE
FF
GG
HH
II
JJ
KK
LL
Alexander’s father (assassinated)
Zeus’ wife (& sister)
Leader of the Indian army which fought Alexander.
Died from exhaustion after running 250kms +
Means a city-state
A single ruler, who seized power forcefully.
Famous Athenian ruler (15 years). Died from typhus.
Famous fighting formation using very long spears
Greek word for "people"
Wrote the famous epics Iliad & Odyssey
A king rules the country
Taught Alexander the Great, created school.
Wrote “The Republic” and set up “The Academy”
The name for the Athenian Citizen Assembly.
Goddess and the city of Athens was named after
Famous Spartan leader; a hero.
Sentenced to death for corrupting the youth
Minoans lived on this island.
A person living in Athens but not a "citizen"
Formed after the Persian wars
Main god in the new mystery religion.
The Persian fleet was destroyed here.
a few people (usually wealthy) hold power over the country
A Spartan slave.
Famous Greek historian who wrote history of Peloponnesian Wars.
The Original name for Greece.
The Athenian general was ostracized.
Paintings used to tell a story.
The earliest known form of writing.
Long narrative poems.
Worship 1 God.
Were influential because religion was key.
Religious temples.
Having only 1 wife.
Worshipping many gods.
Gods had human traits and characteristics.
Sons of the wealthy, could read and write.
Secondary wives.
Make sure you can discuss:
1. After the Persian wars (Athenian Imperialism)
2. Alexander the Great
3. Punic wars
4. Roman Republic
5. Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire.
6. Rise of Christianity
7. Know your Mesopotamian, Greek and Roman Maps.
SOCIAL STUDIES EXAM REVIEW
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ANSWER KEY
Before Common Era
Before Christ
Anno Domini
After Common Era
After the birth
History before it was recorded
Primary source was from the time period (newspaper) Secondary source was created later about the earlier time period.
(history book)
Bias
Human made objects
Anthropology
Philology
Geology
Study of fossil remains
Sociology
Psychology
Study of human and habitat remains
Neolithic and Paleolithic
China, Central America, India, Egypt, Mespotamia, Crete
Land between the rivers
Tigris and Euphrates
Babylonian, Sumer, Chaldean, Assyrian
The wheel
Iraq
Flooding
Fertile Crescent
Hammurabi
Crete
Turkey
King Minos
A religious ritual
Invasion and volcanic destruction
Trade and Piracy
Atop a hill for easy defense.
War
Trojan war
a. Hill and mountainous
b. Water on three sides
c. Rivers dried up in the summer,
d. Wet winters, hot, dry summers,
e. Rocky coastlines
Hellas
Hellenes
By boat
Athena
Create good citizens with strong mind and body
Learn how to run the household.
Wet winters, hot dry summers
Wealthy boys
Dried up
Males over 18 whose fathers were born in Athens
Males over 30 whole fathers were born in Sparta
Dorians
a.
Hilly and Mountainous,
SOCIAL STUDIES EXAM REVIEW
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b. Rocky coastline
Colonization
Athens and Sparta
They were cut off by the landscape and people were more loyal to their city-state than the country of Greece.
City states were cut off
476AD
Carthage
Punic Wars
Latin
Greeks and Etruscans
Republic
Patricians (wealthy)
Proud
Gladiatorial and Chariot Races
Patricians
Legionnaire
Legion
To represent the plebeians (common people) in the Roman Senate.
To prevent one person from having a hold on the power.
Romulus and Remus
Caesar Augustus (Emperor Octavian)
Etruscans
First Roman Code of Law
Po Arno and Tiber
Romulus Augustus
He used public money to build Christian Churches and encouraged people to become Christian
a.
b.
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Lack of food
Lack of Oxygen
Cold Temperature
Had to break the trail
Once he crossed he faced a large, well trained army with war elephants
Match 1
1. E
2. I
3. H
4. A
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G
J
D
K
9. B
10. C
11. F
Match 2
1. E
2. Q
3. A
4. J
5. I
6. H
7. G
8. D
9. T
10. W
11. K
12. V
13. O
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L
AA
Y
P
R
C
S
X
B
F
U
N
M
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Z
JJ
HH
II
BB
DD
GG
LL
FF
KK
CC
HH