Download Honors Chemistry

Arnoldi
Chemistry
Atomic Theory One
Review Packet
DEFINITIONS
a. Atomic Number
b. Mass Number
c. Nucleons
d. Nucleus
e. Ions
f. Cations
g. Anions
h. Isotopes
i. Atomic Mass
j. ground vs excited state
k. stable vs unstable state
l. electromagnetic spectrum
m. continuous spectrum
n. bright line spectrum
1. What is the fundamental building block of all matter?
2. What is the smallest piece of an element that still retains the properties of an
element? Are elements always found as these singular items in nature?
3. What one value controls the identity of any atom?
4. Which of the following are found on the Periodic Table? For each, write what
the value is for Argon:
a. Atomic Number
b. Mass Number
c. Atomic Mass
5. How do we determine the mass number based upon subatomic particles?
6. Fill in the following table about subatomic particles:
Particle
Charge
Mass (Two Ways)
Location in Atom
Proton
Electron
Neutron
7. What is the best way we can describe the location of an electron in an atom?
8. When is an atom neutral?
9. How are these two particles alike, and how are they different?
19 -1
F
and
19
F
10. How are ions, in general, formed? How are cations formed? How are anions
formed?
11. How are two isotopes of the same atom alike? How are they different?
12. Complete the following table:
Isotope
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
127 -1
I
16
14
N
O-2
17
17
18
18
83
83
126
13. What is the atomic mass of the following element:
Isotope
Mass
R-1
R-2
64.015 amu
65.245 amu
Percent
Abundance
85.74%
14.26 %
14. Fill in the table below.
Scientist
Democritus
Experiment
Diagram
No Experiment…
he was a
philosopher!
Conclusions Made
Flaws in Theory
X
X
First person to use the term
“______”, which means
______________.
He also thought atoms were
__________ and ___________.
1. All matter is made of ____________
which are ____________________ and
____________________________.
Dalton
Model Name
1. Atoms of the same
element may have …
2. Atoms of the same element are …
2. Atoms of dif’t elements
may have …
3. Atoms of dif’t elements are …
3. Atoms can be _______
in nuclear reactions.
4. Atoms combine in …
4. Atoms of the same
element can be broken down
into _________________.
X
The cathode ray is a …
Thomson
(cathode ray tube)
Because the ray bent toward the positive
magnet and away from the negative magnet,
the ray must be ___________________.
The location of the
______________ are located embedded
within the atom.
was incorrect.
Because the particles mostly went through,
the atom is mostly __________________.
Rutherford
(gold foil exp’t)
X
Because some of the positive particles were
deflected, there is a small, dense, ___
charged center of the atom. It is called the
___________________.
Electrons are found in ________________
or _______________.
__________________
X
Rutherford could not
explain why the
____________ electrons
did not “fall” into the
positive nucleus.
They fill from the inside (________) energy
to the outside (________) energy.
Bohr
When they fill this way they are in the
________ state. When inner spots are
skipped before moving on, it is the
__________ state.
Electron location was oversimplified.
A generic Bohr diagram is…
A quantum and a photon are…
15. How is Modern Theory like the original atomic theory? How is it different?
16. What is an alpha particle?
17. Draw Bohr diagrams for each of the following:
a. Argon
b. S-2
c. Mg+2
18. What happens with energy as an electron moves from the second energy level
to the third energy level? What happens to energy as an electron moves from the
third energy level to the second energy level?
19. Identify each of the atoms below as being in the ground or excited states:
a.
8p
)2e-
)6e-
10 p
)2e-
)8e-
6p
)6e-
b.
c.
20. Use colored pencils to draw each of the following:
a. A bright line spectrum.
b. A continuous spectrum.
21. What is special about a bright line spectrum?