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Activity Sheet Chapter 24: The cardiovascular system during exercise Objectives: To understand the impact of a healthy active lifestyle on the cardiovascular system To be able to explain the immediate and short-term effects of participation in exercise and physical activity WHAT IS THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM? It consists of the …………………., ……………………….. and ……………… ……………….......... The blood has two main functions: 1. ………………………………………………………………………………………............................................. 2. ………………………………………………………………………………………............................................. A strong cardiovascular system usually means good cardiovascular fitness. This is the ability to ………………………………………………………………………………….................................................. Everyone needs a good level of cardiovascular fitness. In the boxes below give three examples of where good cardiovascular fitness is important for sports performers and three examples for everyday fitness. SPORTS PERFORMERS EVERYDAY FITNESS CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM Can you think of any situation in your everyday life where you realised a better level of cardiovascular fitness would have been beneficial? _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Edexcel GCSE Physical Education page 1 Activity Sheet WHAT EFFECTS DOES EXERCISE HAVE ON THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM? It affects HEART RATE. Heart rate is ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. There is no ‘normal’ heart rate but ………… beats per minute is considered average. Find your heart rate by taking your pulse. What is your resting heart rate? ………………………. The heart makes two beating sounds. The first is called systole and the second is called diastole. A doctor can hear these with a stethoscope. They sound like lub dub. The diagram below shows the action of the heart as it beats. In the box describe what happens as each action occurs. It affects the release of ADRENALINE This is a ………………………………. It is the main cause of changes in ………………… ……………… and ……………………… …………… Use the flow diagram below to describe the chain of events that occurs when exercise begins. One word has been given for each stage to help you. EXERCISE ADRENALINE HEART BEATS LIVER BLOOD MUSCLES Edexcel GCSE Physical Education page 2 Activity Sheet It affects BLOOD PRESSURE Blood pressure is ______________________________________________________________________________ It increases during exercise because ___________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ There are three phases of blood pressure. These are 1. Systolic blood pressure. This is _______________________________________________________________ 2. Diastolic blood pressure. This is ______________________________________________________________ 3. Pulse pressure. This is _______________________________________________________________________ It affects the build up of LACTIC ACID The picture below shows a football player suffering from cramp. Describe the series of events that would have occurred to cause this painful condition. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Exercise causes the following changes to occur in the body. For each one say what happens with a brief description of why the change occurs BREATHING BODY TEMPERATURE SWEATING MUSCLES ACHE Think of a match or training session in which you have been involved. Briefly state at which point in the session each of the above factors occurred. Did they change at any point in the session? Edexcel GCSE Physical Education page 3