Download CHEM IB Lecture notes as of 8-29-06

Unit I: Introduction to Chemistry and Matter
Tuesday August 29th, 2006 - Day 2: Questions of the day: What is Chemistry? What are two types of
scientific observations and what are ways of representing them graphically?
SWBAT: Discuss the importance of chemistry & the two basic types of observations by making such
observations
What is Chemistry?
Webster’s Definition:
1 : a science that deals with the composition, structure, and properties of substances and with the
transformations that they undergo
2 a : the composition and chemical properties of a substance <the chemistry of iron> b : chemical
processes and phenomena (as of an organism) <blood chemistry>
3 a : a strong mutual attraction, attachment, or sympathy <they have a special chemistry> b :
interaction between people working together; specifically : such interaction when harmonious or effective
<a team lacking chemistry>
My definition: Chemists explain what is visible by processes that are not visible to the human eye, but
detectable by scientific means.
So what? Is chemistry important?
 Chemistry is all around us. You can color, straighten and curl your hair because of chemistry. When
you eat, chemistry is happening. You are happy or sad in part because of your brain chemistry. Chemistry
is happening all the time.
Mary had a little lamb/But now it is no more/For what she thought was H2O/Was H2SO4.
 Also, if you like somebody, but you have no chemistry together, that’s important!
2nd Homework Assignment, Due Friday September 1st:
 What would it feel like to have none of the chemistry knowledge that we have today?
Imagine that you go back in time and you are a Neanderthal just figuring out stone tools.
Oops, too far back! Let’s send you to a society that has figured out agriculture and where
some people have the luxury of free time. You are one of those lucky few:
1. What are 3 questions that chemistry might be able to answer for you?
2. What are the first 5 things that you would do to start the entire discipline of chemistry?
3. What are 3 types of people in your society that you would talk to about this chemistry
business?
4. How would you decide if you were right about your ideas/explanations?
5. What 3 steps would you take if somebody disagreed with your ideas/explanations?
 Your first homework assignment due Friday is to answer these questions from the point
of view of such a person. You must pick a society to be from, for example the early Greek,
Egyptian, Sumerian, Malian, Inca, etc… empire. Use Wikipedia to find out about these
societies and use at least one specific detail in answering each question.
Title page:
Title, including the name of the society you are choosing
Colored, hand-drawn map of the society you are choosing = 8 points
Your name = 3 points
Class = 2 points
Period = 5 points
Date = 5 points.
Each question is worth 15 points. All questions should fit on at least 1 page, no more than
1.5.
Grammar, spelling and punctuation mistakes cost 2 points each.
Bonus 10 points if typed in a simple font and spaced 1 ½.
Today’s lecture:
Types of observations and how to write them down:
Qualitative versus Quantitative
Qualitative = An observation that states quality or kind
Quantitative = An observation that states quantity or amount
Qualitative
Red
Quantitative
far from the earth
microscopic
burns quickly
hot
700 nm wavelength
300 million light years
smaller than 1 um
burns at 1 cm candle per minute
350 degrees C
Turn to a neighbor and ask them six questions. Write down 3 quantitative and 3 qualitative observations
about that person.
What you have is raw data, now how do we convert that to graphs and tables?
Scientific process – observation, quantitative versus qualitative
Scientific method
Lab write–up
Demos
Tools of the trade
QUIZ #1
Intro to chemistry – section 1.2 of the book
Matter
Mixtures
Chemical & Physical change
DDR lab for accuracy + precision
ID areas of chemistry
Current event
Practicum
QUIZ #2
Scientific Measurement (no calculators)
Accuracy/precision
Lab practical
Scientific Notation
Significant Figures
Exponential Notation/Operations
UNIT TEST 1
Lab safety
Lab safety QUIZ
Scientific measurements part 2 – conversions, sig figs
Problem solving
UNIT TEST 2 (scientific measurement only)
Physical/Chemical change lab – distillation of soda to capture water
Unit II: The Elements
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
Unit
III: Compounds
IV: Chemical Change
V: Gases
VI: Solutions
VII: Carbon and Its Compounds
VIII: Nuclear Chemistry