Download ecosystems - NanmoScience10

Ecosystems
BC Science 10 – pg. 34-39
Today’s Objectives:
• Explain the interaction of biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem
• Explain why ecosystems with similar characteristics can exist in different geographical locations
• Identify biotic and abiotic factors in a given scenario or diagram
• Describe the relationships between abiotic and biotic elements within an ecosystem, including:
– Air, water, soil, light, temperature (abiotic)
– Bacteria, plants, animals (biotic)
Terms
Ecosystem
Definition/Concept
a region that has ________ components (oxygen, water, nutrients, light and soil)
that interact with ________ components (plants, animals, and micro-organisms).
They are contained within ________
The size of
Ecosystems
•
•
Ecosystems can be very large – eg. _______________________
Or… very small – eg. ________________________________
Habitat
•
•
Within Ecosystems are _________
A habitat is a place in which an organism _______
Biotic and Abiotic Interactions
•
•
•
The ______ factors in an ecosystem are just as important as the ______ factors because
they _______ with each other.
______ and ______ (biotic) cannot survive without _______, _______, and ________
(abiotic)
Eg. Plants need light for ______________ – a process that converts light energy into
chemical energy for the plant.
Example #1
Abiotic Factor =
Sunlight in Deep
water…
Example #2:
Abiotic Factor =
Sunlight in
Rainforest Canopy…
abiotic factor = __________ ____________
biotic factor = little if any plant growth because without sunlight can’t carry on
_________________
abiotic factor = ____________
Biotic factor = top of _______ gets lots of sunlight = lots of plant ________
Biotic factor = lower canopy gets less sunlight = only plants that can grow with
less ______
Abiotic factor = Soil…
• Soil provides ___________ for _______ and a ______ for many small organisms (insects,
bacteria, etc…)
• Did you know… a square ________ of soil can contain as many as _______ species of
____________ (no backbone) species!!
Biotic and Biotic Interactions
• Biotic things will also interact with each other – _______ with ______, plants with
______, and animals with ________, microbes with plants, etc…
• But first we have to understand the interactions and what the groups are called that
interact.
Species
Terms
Definition
Group of closely related _________ that can __________ with each other.
Population
Example: Bears (_______ species vs. ________ species vs. _____
_______species)
all members of a particular _________ within an Ecosystem
Community
Example: All _______ ________ in Kelowna
all the ____________ of different _______ within an ecosystem
Example: All different __________ in Kelowna
Energy Flow in Ecosystems
• The flow of _______ from interactions within an ecosystem is called energy _____.
• Eg. When a _____ eats _____, the _______ that was in the grass transfers or “flows” to
the deer
Terms
Producer
Definition
produces food in the form of _____________ during photosynthesis
Consumer
Examples:
consumes or ________ on the food/_________ of something else.
Decomposer
Examples:
organisms that _____ _______ dead _______ and organic waste and turn it into
useable ___________
Herbivore
Examples:
consumers of (eats) ________
Carnivore
Examples:
consumer of _________ only
Omnivore
Examples:
Consumer of _________ and __________.
Detritivore
Examples:
eats ______ __________ (plant/animal) and ________ ________
Examples:
How can we show these Biotic with Biotic Interactions?
_____________________ are a quick portrait of the feeding patterns and energy transfer within an
Ecosystem.
Each step in the food chain is called a ___________________________.
So producers are at the start of the food chain so they are the ______________ Trophic level.
Terms
Primary producers
Definition
produce the initial ______
Examples:
Primary consumers
eat primary _________
Examples:
Secondary Consumers
eat primary__________
Tertiary consumers
Examples:
eat _________ and ___________ consumers
Examples: