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Unit 7: Population Dynamics and Trapping
Ecosystem: includes biotic (__________________) and abiotic (____________________) factors
Population: ____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
Community: consists of __________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
Population Size
____________________________ and ___________________________ increase population size
____________________________ and ___________________________decrease population size
Given
________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ biotic potential.
Factors affecting increase in population:
1. ___________________________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________________________
Exponential growth results in ______________________________________________
There are two factors that affect the shape of the curve:
1. ____________________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________________________
“S-Shaped Curves”
______________________________________ limit exponential growth flattening the j-shaped curve into an
_______________________ curve fluctuating around the _______________________________________.
Carrying Capacity is _____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
It changes as the environment changes.
What is the carrying capacity of this species? _________________________________________
Limiting Factors (factors that affect population size)
Density Dependent are those whose effect _______________________ as population __________________
Ex. ______________________________________________________________________________
Density Independent are those that affect _______________________________________________________
Ex. ______________________________________________________________________________
Gause’s Rule (Competitive Exclusion Principle): ________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________.
This is only possible through ________________________________________________________________
Interspecific Competition: competition _________________________ two or more species for some limiting
resource such as __________________________________________________________________________
Intraspecific Competition: competition _________________________ members of the SAME species for
some limiting resource.
**** This results in _______________________________________.
Home range vs. Territory
Home Range ____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Territory _______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Population Biology
“r” Selected species have a ________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
“K” selected species are opposite. They are: __________________________________________________
r species
Body size
Life span
Age of first breed
Parental investment
Position in the food chain
Population stability
Population turnover
Number of offspring
K species
Juvenile mortality
Trapping
The four types of traps are:
1. ______________________________
3. ______________________________
2. ______________________________
4. ______________________________
Exterminating traps ________ the animal and usually work _________________.
The main purpose is to ______________________________________________.
The main types are: _________________________________________________.
Arresting traps keeps the animal _____________________.
These traps should not __________ or ___________ the animal, although some mortalities do occur because
of ____________.
The main types are: __________________________________________________.
Confining traps _____________________________________________________
and typically ________________________________________________.
The main types are: __________________________________________________.
Glue traps and Poison traps are hazardous b/c they are ___________________ which means
____________________________________________________________.
These traps can injure ____________________ and should be avoided b/c they are ___________________.
Sampling is a __________________________ technique where ___________________________ are caught
and the data is applied to the ___________________________.
Mark – Recapture is a _______________________ where a few individuals are caught, then they are
______________ and ______________. After a short period of time _________________________ is taken
and the number of recaptures is recorded.
Biologists trap for the following purposes:
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
There are 4 assumptions when using the Mark- Recapture sampling technique”
1. ____________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
Bergman’s Rule is a principle that applies to ________________________________
and states that with in a species _________________ increases as _________________
increases.
This principle is based on the ratio of volume to surface area. Larger animals will have a ______________
ratio of volume to surface area which is why they will lose ____________ heat than a smaller animal.
Allen’s Rule is also based on ______________________________________________.
The principle says that ________________________ decreases as ____________________ increases.
Legs and ears get _________________ as the climate gets ___________________.