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Biology: Ecology Study Guide Definitions: 1. Ecology 2. Population 3. Community 4. Ecosystem 5. Biome 6. Biosphere 7. Biotic 8. Abiotic 9. Carrying capacity 10. Habitat 11. Niche 12. Keystone species 13. Symbiosis 14. Succession 15. Pioneer species 16. Climax community 17. Trophic level 18. Producer 19. Consumer 20. Decomposer 21. Detritivore 22. Chemotroph 23. Particulates 24. Biomagnification Basic Ecology 1. Know the components and order of the levels within the biosphere. 2. Know the reasons why populations could increase/decrease. 3. Be able to explain ecosystems are affected by biotic and abiotic factors. 4. Be able to explain how a keystone species may affect an environment. Community Interactions 1. Be able to explain predation and competition. 2. Be able to explain the various forms of symbiosis. 3. Be able to explain how the competitive exclusion principal reduces competition. Energy and the Ecosystem 1. Know the basic components of an ecosystem. 2. Be able to explain the role of producers, consumers, and decomposers. 3. Know the basic stages of the water, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles. 4. Be able to read a food chain diagram and identify the parts of an ecosystem if given a picture similar to the one below. Be able to calculate energy as you move up a food chain. Succession 1. Be able to explain the process of primary and secondary succession. 2. Be able to identify organisms that are characteristic of each stage of succession. Environmental Issues 1. Be able to explain the causes, effects, and solutions to: a. Global warming/Greenhouse Effect b. Ozone Layer Depletion c. Smog/ozone d. Acid Rain e. Biomagnification f. Non-native species