Download Noun Adjective agreement First and Second declension adjectives

Noun Adjective agreement
First and Second declension adjectives
Examples of Vocabulary:
multus, multa
much, many
magnus, magna
large, great
maximus, maxima
largest, greatest
parvus, parva
small
Why are there two forms? The first one is masculine and the second is feminine.
The adjective has to be the same gender as the noun.
If the noun is masculine, the adjective must be masculine.
If the noun is feminine. the adjective must be feminine.
In the vocabulary, you are given two forms: the first is masculine and the second is
feminine.
So, ‘large island is magna insula. (both words are feminine.
‘Large islands’
but large place is magnus locus.
Paterfamilias tōtam familiam curat
optimam cenam parare debetis
Ītalia quoque multum populum habet.
Statim mater omnes ancillas vocat
Possum and complementary infinitive
Possum
Possum means ‘to be able’ and it is what is called a compound of sum.
If you remember the verb ‘to be’ then the verb ‘to be able’ is easy!
sum - I am
sumus - we are
es - you are
estis- you are
est - he is
sunt - they are
Now, to get the verb ‘to be able’, add pos- in front of all words that begin
with -s and -t in front of everything else:
possum - I am able
possumus - we are able
potes - you are able
potestis- you are able
potest - he is able
possunt - they are able
The imperfect works the same way. Let’s review the imperfect of the verb
“to be”:
eram- I was
eramus - we were
eras - you were
eratis- you were
erat - he was
erant - they were
Therefore, the verb to be able is
poteram- I was able
poteramus - we were able
poteras - you were able
poteratis- you were able
poterat - he was able
poterant - they were able
(pot- is added in front of all of the forms of the verb to be since they all start
with -e.)
The Infinitive
An Infinitive is ‘to’ + a verb.
In English . . . to run, to laugh, to sing, to dance
In Latin, the infinitive is the second principal part.
It will always end in -re: āre, ēre, ere, or īre.
Amare - to love
ambulare - to walk
In English, we use the infinitive with certain verbs, and Latin
does the same.
When translating the infinitive, always use 'to _____' :
ludere cupimus -> We want to play
The infinitive in Latin will always end in an -re and will always
be the second principal part of the verb. You will also notice
that each conjugation has its own unique vowel preceding
the -re:
1st conjugation
paro, parare
2nd conjugation
moneo, monēre
3rd conjugation
rego, regere
4th conjugation
audio, audire
The verb to be able and the Complementary Infinitive
We are learning the verb to be able and infinitives together because you see
them together often.
“I am able” doesn’t make sense by itself.
I am able to do something.
The verb possum is followed by a complementary infinitive because the infinitive
COMPLETES the meaning of the main verb.
possum ambulare - I am able to walk, I can walk
potest cantare - he is able to sing, he can sing
Iussa imperatoris ob clamorem audīre non poteramus.
We were not able (non poteramus)
to hear
(audire - the infinitive)
the orders of the general
because of the noise.