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GCSE Applied Science: Self-Assessment Checklist The Surface and Atmosphere of the Earth understand that observations and creative thought about the location of earthquakes and volcanoes lead to the theory of continental drift. This suggested that the outer layers of the Earth are composed of a number of large pieces called tectonic plates which are moving very slowly. understand that rocks can be: formed where tectonic plates move apart and magma rises to fill the gap producing new igneous rock; deformed and/or recycled where tectonic plates move towards each other driving down the denser plate which may melt to form magma that on cooling forms igneous rock. know that the main components of the original atmosphere were carbon dioxide and water vapour together with smaller amounts of other gases such as nitrogen. know that the main components of the original atmosphere were carbon dioxide and water vapour together with smaller amounts of other gases such as nitrogen. know that oxygen originally appeared as a 'polluting' gas and it originated from photosynthesis by green plants. know that an ozone layer developed. understand the roles of respiration, combustion and photosynthesis in the maintenance of the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. understand that the ozone layer is filtering out harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. consider the accumulation of data and the development of ideas about the destruction of the ozone layer and appreciate the role of the scientific community in validating new ideas. know that there is debate in the scientific community on the issue of global warming and be aware that many scientists attribute the main cause of global warming to the increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere caused by the combustion of fossil fuels and deforestation. GCSE Applied Science: Self-Assessment Checklist examine and evaluate the reliability of data on global warming (Higher Tier only) appreciate some effects and consequences of global warming and discuss and evaluate proposed solutions to the problem of global warming.