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Name: _______________________________________ Block: _________ Date: ________________ Honors A&P Chapter 10 (Endocrine System) – Critical Thinking Questions Please answer the following questions in complete sentences on a separate piece of paper. Please staple this sheet to the top of your answers. 1) Why is the secretion and action of calcitonin more important in adolescents than adults? Explain. 2) Derivatives of cortisone are frequently administered as drugs to treat chronic inflammation, a common symptom of some respiratory system disorders. Knowing the effects of cortisone on the body, provide two reasons why it is essential that the levels of these drugs in the body be closely monitored. 3) Levels of calcium in the blood are constantly regulated by two hormones. Why is it so vital that calcium levels in the blood be maintained, i.e. what are the vital functions of calcium in the body? Hint: Look in your digestive system and nutrition notes. 4) Why is the pancreas often referred to as a “mixed gland”? Be specific. 5) Leptin increases the secretion of gonadotropins, thus having a significant effect on the reproductive system. Can you think of an example where decreased body fat negatively affects the reproductive system? How does it affect it? 6) In general, the endocrine system becomes less efficient as we age. List 3 examples of problems that are likely to affect elderly individuals as a result of decreased hormone production. 7) How would you explain why new mothers sometimes experience cramps in their lower abdomen when they begin to nurse their babies? 8) Up-regulation is the process by which a target cell increases the numbers of receptor proteins so that the hormone can exert a greater effect. Down-regulation is the opposite, decreasing the numbers of receptor proteins. Would drug tolerance be caused by up-regulation or down-regulation? Explain.