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Earth’s Layers
PPT Notes
Name _______________________________________________________
Period ________
1. Most scientists agree that soon after Earth’s formation, Earth was a large ball of
___________________________ (melted) rock. As time passed, the molten materials cooled,
hardened, and separated into _____________________________.
2. What does the word composition mean? ______________________________________________
3. The 3 Compositional Layers are: _________________, _________________, _______________
4. The CRUST is the thin, ___________________ layer that covers the planet. It is _____-_____km
thick. There are 2 types of crust: oceanic crust (made mostly of dense, igneous rock called ________)
and continental crust (made mostly out of less dense igneous rock called ____________)
5. The MANTLE is the _____________ layer. It is __________km thick. The mantle is made mostly of
silicon, oxygen, iron and ________________________. It is a solid that has the ability to flow. This
is called ___________________.
6. The CORE is the ________________ part of the planet. It is made of hot, dense metals that sank,
due to gravity, after the Earth formed. _______________ and _______________ are the 2 main
elements/metals that make up the core. The core is _______ of the earth’s mass.
7. The core can be subdivided into the outer core and the _______________ core. In the outer core,
the metals are liquid. However, the inner core is ____________________ because of the enormous
amount of pressure pushing the elements together.
8. The earth can also be divided into 5 physical
layers based on _____________________
properties.
9. The _________________________ is the
solid, rigid layer (crust and uppermost part of
mantle). The asthenosphere is _____________
rock that flows slowly like hot asphalt. The
_________________________ flows even
more slowly. The outer core is
_______________ and the inner core is solid.
10. Scientists are unable to travel through the layers of the earth because of
______________________ temperatures and tremendous _______________________.
11. Scientists study the behaviors of __________________ waves to learn more about Earth’s interior.