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Earth’s Layers PPT Notes Name _______________________________________________________ Period ________ 1. Most scientists agree that soon after Earth’s formation, Earth was a large ball of ___________________________ (melted) rock. As time passed, the molten materials cooled, hardened, and separated into _____________________________. 2. What does the word composition mean? ______________________________________________ 3. The 3 Compositional Layers are: _________________, _________________, _______________ 4. The CRUST is the thin, ___________________ layer that covers the planet. It is _____-_____km thick. There are 2 types of crust: oceanic crust (made mostly of dense, igneous rock called ________) and continental crust (made mostly out of less dense igneous rock called ____________) 5. The MANTLE is the _____________ layer. It is __________km thick. The mantle is made mostly of silicon, oxygen, iron and ________________________. It is a solid that has the ability to flow. This is called ___________________. 6. The CORE is the ________________ part of the planet. It is made of hot, dense metals that sank, due to gravity, after the Earth formed. _______________ and _______________ are the 2 main elements/metals that make up the core. The core is _______ of the earth’s mass. 7. The core can be subdivided into the outer core and the _______________ core. In the outer core, the metals are liquid. However, the inner core is ____________________ because of the enormous amount of pressure pushing the elements together. 8. The earth can also be divided into 5 physical layers based on _____________________ properties. 9. The _________________________ is the solid, rigid layer (crust and uppermost part of mantle). The asthenosphere is _____________ rock that flows slowly like hot asphalt. The _________________________ flows even more slowly. The outer core is _______________ and the inner core is solid. 10. Scientists are unable to travel through the layers of the earth because of ______________________ temperatures and tremendous _______________________. 11. Scientists study the behaviors of __________________ waves to learn more about Earth’s interior.