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Our Respiratory System
By:
Katriana Smith and Jared Murphy 3rd Hour Ad. Bio
Nasal Passage
• The walls of the nasal passages are
coated with respiratory mucous
membranes, which contain
innumerable tiny hair-like cells that
move waves of mucus toward the
throat.
• The olfactory membranes are located
in a pair of clefts just under the bridge
of the nose.
Oral Cavity
• The Oral cavity or Mouth is an
alternative way for air to enter the
respiratory system.
• The Pharynx or Throat collects incoming
air from the nose and mouth and passes it
downward to the trachea (windpipe).
• The Larynx or Voice Box contains two
vocal cords. Air moving through the
larynx creates voice sounds.
• The Trachea or Windpipe is the passage
leading from the pharynx to the lungs.
Bronchi/Alvioli
• Bronchi & Bronchioles Two short tubes at
the end of the Trachea that carries air into
the lungs Alveoli
• The alveoli are the primary gas exchange
units of the lung.
• To reach the blood, oxygen must diffuse
through the thin cell wall of the alveoli.
• Air passes into the branchi, then into
the bronchioles and finally into the
alveoli. The human lung has about 7
million Alveoli.
• The alveoli are only 1 cell wall thick
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The Lungs
• The lungs are a pair of spongy, air-filled organs located on either
side of the chest.
• The lungs are covered by a thin tissue layer called the pleura.
• A thin layer of fluid acts as a lubricant allowing the lungs to slip
smoothly as they expand and contract with each breath.
The Lungs
• The two lungs are not identical; the
right lung has three lobes and the left
lung has two lobes.
• This is because room must be made
for the heart to rest in the area of the
chest where the lungs meet.
The Heart
• The heart is the organ that supplies blood
and oxygen to all parts of the body.
• The heart is located in the chest cavity just
posterior to the breastbone, between the
lungs and superior to the diaphragm. The
heart is surrounded by a fluid filled sac
called the pericardium.
• The circulatory system consists of the
heart, blood, and blood vessels.
• The circulatory system has a close
interrelationship with the respiratory
system.
The Diaphragm
• The diaphragm is the dome-shaped sheet of muscle
that separates the chest from the abdomen.
• It is attached to the spine, ribs and sternum and is the
main muscle of respiration, playing a very important
role in the breathing process.
• When we breathe, the diaphragm is drawn downward
until it is flat. At the same time, the muscles around the
ribs pull them up like a hoop skirt. The chest, or
thoracic, cavity becomes deeper and larger, making
more air space.
• The two parts of the diaphragm are the peripheral
muscular and central aponeurotic parts.
The Ribs
•
•
The ribs encase and protect the chest cavity.
Ensuring this protection, the rib cage is collectively
made up of long, curved individual bones with joints
to the spinal vertebrae.
•
The human rib cage is made up of 24 bones; each are
symmetrically paired on a right and left side.
•
Of all 24 ribs, the first seven pairs are often labeled as
"true." These bones are connected to the costal
cartilage, while the five other "false" sets do not. Three
of those connect to non-costal cartilage, and two are
deemed to be "floating," which means they only
connect to the spine.
Reference Page
• http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9072
• http://calder.med.miami.edu/pointis/normbr.html
• http://prezi.com/9hkrx4r_ancj/bronchi-bronchioles-and-alveolirespiratory-system/
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http://www.webmd.com/lung/picture-of-the-lungs
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/anatomy/lungs/
http://biology.about.com/od/anatomy/a/theheart.htm
http://regentsprep.org/Regents/biology/2011%20Web%20Pages
/Human%20Body%20Circulatory%20and%20Respiratory%20page.htm
• http://www.innerbody.com/image/musc06.html#full-description
• http://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/ribs