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Name: __________________________________________ Date:_________
Blood and It’s Components
Chapter 19
1. Fill in the blanks to describe the 5 functions of blood.
a. Transportation of dissolved _gases_____, nutrients, __hormones_____,
and waste.
b. Regulation of ___pH_____ and __ion_______ concentration
c. Restriction of _fluid______ losses at injury sites
d. Defense against __toxins______ and ___pathogens__________
e. Stabilization of __body temperature________________________
2. Define plasma:
fluid connective tissue with a matrix
a. Plasma make up approximately ___46 – 63%_______ % of blood
b. Plasma consists of 92% _water_____________,
7% ___plasma proteins__________, and 1% __other solutes__________
3. What are formed elements?
Blood cells and cell fragments suspended in plasma
a. Formed elements make up approximately ___37 – 54%_______ % of
blood
b. Formed elements consists of:
99.9% ____red blood cells________ and 0.1% _white blood cells and
platelets_______________
4. Red blood cells are also called __Erythrocytes_____________________
a. The main function of red blood cells is: transport of oxygen
5. White blood cells are also called __Leukocytes_____________________
a. The main function of white blood cells is: bodily defense
6. Identify the 5 types of white blood cells provided the brief descriptions:
a. __Neutrophils_______ First WBC to arrive at an injury; first line of defense
against invaders.
b. ___Monocytes_______ engulf cell debris and waste. Initiate production of
scar tissue.
c. ___Eosinophils______ Participate in immune response, especially in
allergic reactions.
d. __Lymphocytes______ coordinates the immune response; production of
anti-bodies to help in destroying foreign antigens
e. ___Basophils________ Prevent blood clotting, and release histamine to
increase circulation allowing other WBC’s to arrive
quickly– causes inflammation.
7. What are platelets?
Cell fragments with enzymes
a. Why are platelets important?
… to help with clotting
8. What is whole blood?
Plasma + Formed elements = whole blood
9. What is hemoglobin?
transport oxygen
Protein found in red blood cells to allow RBC’s to
a. How many hemes does each hemoglobin contain? ___4_____
b. Since each heme holds one iron complex, and iron is what oxygen binds
to, then how many oxygen molecules can bind with each hemoglobin
molecule? ___4_____
10. What is oxyhemoglobin?
Hemoglobin with oxygen bonded to it
11. What is deoxyhemoglobin?
Hemoglobin without oxygen bonded to it
12. Red blood cells with a reduced amount of hemoglobin (thus reducing iron, thus
reducing the ability to carry oxygen) is a condition called __anemia_________