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Digestive System /Urinary System Review 1____Digestion__ is the process by which food is changed so it can be 2_absorbed________ by the body’s cells. When food is 3_chewed___________ in the mouth, the 4_teeth__________ break it down into smaller pieces. The 5__salivary________ glands are in the mouth and release 6__saliva______________ that contains a chemical to begin the digestion of 7__carbohydrates___________. Saliva is a fluid that helps soften food so it can be8 ___swallowed_________ more easily. When you swallow, food moves down the 9___esophagus___________- which connects the mouth to the 10___stomach________. Food moves to your stomach by a process of 11___peristalsis_______ which are 12___involuntary_____muscle contractions. This process can move food even if you are standing on your head. Food is now in the 13__stomach_____________ where 14__acids______ and juices are released to mix together to make a thick paste called15 __chyme_________. After about four hours of 16_____churning______, muscles in the stomach force the food into the 17___small intestine_______ - where the greatest amount of digestion and 18__absorption__________ take place. The 19_liver________ is a gland that releases 20_bile___________ to help break down fats, maintain 21___blood sugar_______ levels, and filter poisonous wastes. This chemical is stored in the 22__gall bladder___. The 23__pancreas___________ also releases enzymes that aid in digestion in the small intestine. After food passes through the small intestine, in enters the24 __large intestine__________ also known as the colon. This is where undigested food is prepared for 25___elimination_______ from the body. The waste is temporarily stored in the 26___rectum__________. Once it is full, it contracts and solid wastes leave the body through the 27__anus__________. The 28_urinary system_________ removes liquid waste from the body and maintains the body’s 29__water__________ balance. The organs of the urinary system are: 30___Kidneys________________- that filter the blood and 31___excretes___________ waste products and excess water in the form of 32___urine_______________, the33 __urinary bladder______ is a muscular sac that stores urine, the 34___ureter__________________- a narrow tube that connects the kidney to the bladder and the 35_____urethra_________________a narrow tube extending from the bladder to the outside of the body through which urine passes.