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CeDAMar Pedro Martinez Arbizu DZMB, Südstrand 44, D26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany Phone: +49(0)4421.9475-100 FAX: +49(0)4421.9475-111 E-mail: [email protected] Craig Smith University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2500 Campus Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA Phone: (808) 956-7776 FAX: (808) 956-9516 E-mail: [email protected] Stefanie Keller DZMB, Südstrand 44, D26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany Phone: +49(0) 4421.9475-171 FAX: +49(0)4421.9475-111 E-mail: [email protected] Brigitte Ebbe DZMB c/o Museum König, Adenaueralleee 160, D53113 Bonn, Germany Phone: +49(0)228.9122-285 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.cedamar.org 1. 2008 ACCOMPLISHMENTS & SCIENTIFIC HIGHLIGHTS Awards CeDAMar got an award for outstanding scientific achievements in 2007 at the all program meeting of the Census of marine life in Auckland, New Zealand. In June 2007, Angelika Brandt et al. published a summary of the ANDEEP results in Nature, which generated a lot of media interest in the Census and CeDAMar. For this success, she was awarded adventurer of the year by National Geographic and also got the “SCAR medal for Excellence in Polar Science” during the SCAR/IASC IPY Open science conference this July in St. Petersburg. CeDAMar results where elected by Times magazine as 4th of the ten most important discoveries in the year 2007. Special Volumes A second special volume of Deep-Sea Research II was published, dealing with more ANDEEP results. A special volume on the results of the PAP Time Series will appear in 2009. Furthermore, a special issue of Zootaxa dealing with deep-sea biodiversity appeared this September and another one of this kind will be published in winter 2008. A review paper by Smith et al. 2008, elucidating connections between abyssal ecosystem structure and nutrient flux from primary production, recently appeared in Trends in Ecology and Evolution. Abyssal ecosystems are apparently influenced almost exclusively by the quantity and quality of available food and thus subject to a strong bottom-up control. Global climate change therefore may have a direct and dramatic effect on the biodiversity of abyssal benthos. Species description published Up to date, around 284 descriptions or redescriptions of common abyssal species where published under the umbrella of CeDAMar, with about 103 of them 2007/2008. Taxonomic exchanges financed From August 2007 till today, 13 Taxonomic exchange fellowships were granted to Scientists from Germany, Russia, the UK, Belgium and Greece going to England, Switzerland, France, the US and Germany. Workshops held In March 2008, a DIVA 1 and 2 result workshop was organized by Vituco Urgorri in Ferrol, Spain. Twenty-five participants gathered to discuss results based on material collected during the first two DIVA expeditions to the southeastern Atlantic Ocean in 2000 and 2005, and to make plans for the expedition DIVA 3 to the Argentine Basin. It became obvious that while biodiversity was astonishing for many taxa, the concept of latitudinal gradients in biodiversity could not generally be verified for the deep sea. Furthermore, it seems that distance is not always a factor regulating biogeographic distribution in the deep sea. In close cooperation with Dirk Steinke from MarBOL, a Barcoding Workshop was hosted at the DZMB Wilhelmshaven in May 2008 to familiarize a wider audience with the methodology, facilitate practical work and establish contacts with leading laboratories from the United States and Canada. Along with practical lab work, an introduction to BoLD was given and existing barcoding projects and as well as today´s knowledge were presented. A day of discussion allowed the participants to explore how CeDAMar can benefit from barcoding and how, in turn, large databases such as MarBOL can grow with the help of CeDAMar. Data bases compiled CeDAMar is gathering all literature records of benthic species at depths below 2000m. Until now we have completed datasets for the following taxonomic groups: Porifera, Nematoda, Tantulocarida, Kinorhyncha, Copepoda, Tanaidacea, Isopoda, Cumacea, Polychaeta, Sipuncula,, Solenogastres, Bivalvia, Mono- and Polyplacophora, Brachiopoda, Holuthuria and Ascidia. Datasets for Ostracoda, Decapoda and Gastropoda are in progress. To make this database publically available and queryable, a dynamic map generator based on the UNM MapServer was implemented on the CeDAMar website and went online this August (http://www.cedamar.org/component/option,com_chameleon/Itemid,120/). In September, 9018 abyssal records belonging to 2678 species where served to OBIS. Yet another database was compiled by Michael Rex and Carol Stuart, listing all benthic biological samples ever taken in the abyss. Along with the sampling location, the date, cruise and other details can be extracted from this dataset. It is accessible via the CeDAMar homepage. A more advanced webmapping tool with options for different queries is under construction and will go online before the end of 2008. Cruises At the end of 2007, from 26 November 2007 to 4 February 2008, another expedition (ANDEEPSYSTCO) started from Cape Town to the Southern Ocean, trying to explore coupling processes between atmosphere, water column (plankton blooms) and deep-sea floor (seasonal pulses of nutrient influx). The expedition was designed to investigate the question about factors affecting biodiversity in the abyss, including nutrient pulses and distance from shore. Results may help to assess the effect of global climate change on the deep sea. As part of the new ENAB program, another cruise took place from 4 to 21 June 2008 in the Western North Atlantic along a transect (700-5200m depth) from Massachusetts (USA) to Bermuda. The ENAB program stands for Evolution in the North American Basin and aims to quantify patterns of genetic variation in deep-sea mollusks to test several hypotheses about where and how evolution has unfolded. For this purpose, genetic markers will be developed. The PI´s are Michael Rex and Ron Etter from the University of Massachusetts. 2. PROJECT MANAGEMENT & INTERNAL COMMUNICATION CeDAMar is led by Pedro Martinez (DZMB Wilhelmshaven, Germany) and Craig Smith (University of Hawaii at Manoa). There is a Scientific Steering group to advise, plan and control the progress made. The group consists of 18 scientists of different nationalities and meets once a year during four days, together with the PI´s and the secretariat. During the synthesis period, meetings of the managing team and key players are planned on a more frequent basis. The internal coordination and communication with the Census of Marine Life is done by Stefanie Keller, whereas the education and outreach activities are managed by Brigitte Ebbe (both DZMB Wilhelmshaven). Communication both within the managing team and the CeDAMar group is mainly done by email, ICQ and phone. 3. 2008 EDUCATION & OUTREACH EFFORTS CeDAMar activities finalized between October 2007 and September 2008: (1) a brochure presenting objectives, goals, and achievements of CeDAMar and all field projects (third and updated edition in press (2) information desks, presentations and exhibits from the deep sea at museums in Düsseldorf (Day of the Oceans) and Hamburg (International Polar Year), target audience general public (3) a new ship-to-shore logbook in collaboration with CAML during SYSTCO, bringing up the total of visits on the eXpeditions site to 3.2 Million (4) video footage taken during two expeditions (Diva 2 and AndeepSystco), showing the daily work on board, the deployment of gear and interviews with different scientists. In cooperation with Darlene Crist from the Census E & O Team, contact to National Geographic was established and the material presented. (5) Poster presentations at the 9th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP 9) and the joint SCAR/IASC IPY OpenScinece Conference. Target audience: scientists and decision makers. CeDAMar products to be finalized by December 2008 are: (1) a comic book about the deep sea (text finalized, drawings in progress, printing planned for the fall of 2008) Target audience: small children, ca 5-7 years. DESEO activities: (1) The book “Deeper than Light” is now available in English, Norwegian, German, French, and Spanish. It is sold at conferences, museums and via the respective project websites. A set-up of PayPal, facilitating direct payment via one common website, is in progress. (2) A calendar for 2009 in CD cover format has been printed, displaying some images from the book Deeper than Light and additional photographs from DESEO projects. Target audience: participants of the WCMB in Valencia, November 2008 and general public during exhibitions, evening talks etc. 4. SOCIETAL BENEFITS, IMPACT & APPLICATIONS Based on results of the projects KAPLAN and Nodinaut, recommendations for the designation of marine protected areas in the nodule mining claim area off Hawaii (Clarion Clipperton Fracture Zone, CCZ) were compiled during a workshop and forwarded to the ISA. It has been suggested that in each of the nine subregions of the CCZ, about 25% of the area should be designated PRAs (Protected Reference Areas), placed so that as many seamounts as possible are inside the protected areas, avoiding overlap with already claimed mining areas, with easily recognizable, straight borders. These recommendations represent a collaborative effort of scientists and decision makers with direct impact on conservation of deep-sea areas. Pedro Martinez was elected member of the ICES advisory group on marine biodiversity. A journal called “Marine Biodiversity” will be launched in October 2008 by Senckenberg and Springer. The journal will catch up the spirit of the Census of Marine Life. Editor in Chief is Pedro Martinez, while the editorial Board includes many CoML participants. 5. PARTNERSHIPS & COLLABORATION Organization Name Point-of-Contact (Name) Nature of Relationship Marbef (EU-Network of Excellence) Deepsets (deep-sea group within Marbef) Carlo Heip BIOFUN (EUROCORES Program) ICES Biodiversity Group Eva Ramirez Senckenberg is a Marbef member Deep sea cruises in Europe (Levar) and Porcupine abyssal plain Time series will also contribute to goals of Deepsets. Senckenberg is a member of Biofun Pedro Martinez is member of the group Pedro Martinez is member of DIVERSITAS-Germany Craig Smith is consultant of ISA Andrew Gooday Michaela Schranzenberger DIVERSITAS ISA 6. LIAISONS CoML Group Liaison / Primary Point of Contact Email Synthesis OBIS Stefanie Keller Pedro Martinez [email protected] [email protected] Mapping & Visualization FMAP Barcoding Education & Outreach Pedro Martinez Pedro Martinez Saskia Brix, Gordon Patterson Brigitte Ebbe [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 7. APPENDICES - Updated Synthesis Plans - Milestones - OBIS Report - Current Funding Report - Future Funding Needs Report - Ship-time Report - 2 Images 8. INPUT TO THE ONLINE DATABASES Bibliography Database (Publications) As agreed with Chris Knowlton, we are awaiting final instructions to submit our data; all data (~ 240 papers) is already available in Bibtex and just has to be imported. Community Database (Project Participants / Personnel Report) Ongoing Schedule Database Up to date