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Transcript
Name ______________________________ Date___________ Period ____ Chapter 9 Study Guide 1. Ocean waves that wear away an island’s shoreline are an example of Earth’s ____________________ forces 2. Scientists think that the ____________________, made of liquid iron and nickel, contains convention currents which produce Earth’s magnetic field. 3. The part of the mantle called the ____________________ is made of soft rock that bends like plastic. 4. Oceanic crust is made up mostly of dense rock called ____________________. 5. When you touch a hot plate, the transfer of heat from the plate to your hand is called ____________________. 6. The energy from the sun that warms your face is transferred by a process called _____________________. 7. In the asthenosphere, heat is transferred as soft rock flows slowly in cycles known as ____________________. 8. Wegner believed the continents had once been joined in one landmass called ____________________. 9. The theory of ____________________ states all the continents once were joined as a single supercontinent and have since drifted apart. 10.To support his theory, Alfred Wegener provided evidence from ____________________, traces of anciet organisms preserved in rock. 11.The process of ____________________ continually adds new crust to the ocean floor along both sides of the mid-ocean ridge. 12.The longest mountain chain on Earth is the ____________________, most of which lies under the ocean. Name ______________________________ Date___________ Period ____ 13.Subduction occurs where the oceanic crust bends down toward the mantle at a(n) ____________________. 14.The lithosphere is broken into sections called ____________________, which float on top of the asthenosphere. 15.When continental plates pull apart at a divergent boundary on land, a(n) ____________________ forms. 16.Two of the Earth’s plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions, along a ____________________ boundary. 17.Deformation of the crust and the formation of volcanoes and mountains are the result of ____________________ movements. 18.A break in the crust where slabs of crust slip past each other is known as a(n) ____________________. 19.When the land surface sinks as a result of geologic processes, ____________________ occurs. 20.Which layer of Earth is made up partly of crust and partly of mantle material? ________________________________________________ 21.How do constructive forces shape Earth’s surface? ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 22.What is the layer of Earth’s surface made up mostly of basalt and granite? _________________________________________________ 23.State the correct order Earth’s of layers (starting from the surface). ________________________________________________________ Name ______________________________ Date___________ Period ____ 24.What is the transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves? _____________________________ 25.What is Pangaea? ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 26.What is a fossil? ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 27.What technology did scientists use in the mid-1900s to map the midocean ridge? ____________________. 28.Explain why old oceanic crust is more dense than new oceanic crust? ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 29.The geological theory that states pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are in constant, slow motion is the theory of ____________________. 30.Plate movements produce stress in rock, which lead to a change in the rock’s shape or volume called ____________________. 31.A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a convergent boundary produce a ____________________. 32.What are the three kinds of plate boundaries? ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ Name ______________________________ Date___________ Period ____ 33.A weak spot in Earth’s crust where magma comes to the surface is called a(n) ____________________. 34.Compression forces in Earth’s crust produce ___________________. Fill-in the chart: Fill-in the missing information of the chart. Depth Layer 35. 36. Composition Silicon, Oxygen, Iron, and Magnesium 37. 38. Molten Iron and Nickel 39. 40. Basalt and Granite 41. 42. Solid Iron and Nickel