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WS/FCS Unit Planning Organizer Subject(s) Grade/Course Unit of Study Unit Title Social Studies Pacing 12 days (block) Conceptual Lenses American History 1 AH1 Unit 6: The Civil War and Reconstruction “A House Divided”( 1850s-1877) Compromise War Crisis Change Nationalism/Sectionalism Unit Overview The sixth unit "A House Divided" is the final unit of American History I. In this unit students will trace the cause of the Civil War and Reconstruction and its effects through the conceptual lenses of Compromise, War, Crisis, Change, and Nationalism/ Sectionalism. This unit will focus on events that led to the war, the economic, social, and political conflicts during the war, and the effects of rebuilding the nation. Road to the Civil War- After the Mexican American War, conflict over slavery threatened to tear the country apart. National and states interests and rights divided the country. The Civil War occurred because compromise was no longer seen as an option. Although the Wilmot Proviso failed, more intense conflicts arose with the Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act. However it was the Dred Scott decision that crystallized the opposition to slavery and polarized the country into political parties. The US Constitution will be tested. Civil War- The growing conflict over slavery and states’ rights divided the North and South. War often necessitated a change in norms. This War devastated its citizens and the environment. The political and economic foundations of the country were unhinged. The United States identity was created in part by the Civil War crisis. Reconstruction was the period during the United States began to rebuild from the devastating the Civil War. The Reconstructions year lasted from 1865 to 1877, but the effects were long lasting. A resolution to this war crisis brought about political, economic and social changes. Unit Enduring Understanding(s) Conflicting national and sectional interests may often to lead to crisis. The inability to compromise can lead to war. War has the ability to change society. Unit Essential Question(s) Why do national and sectional interests lead to crisis? How can the inability to compromise lead to war? How does war have the ability to transform society? Essential State Standards Priority Objectives AH1.H.4.1 Analyze the political issues and conflicts that impacted the United States through Reconstruction and the compromises that resulted AH1.H.7.1 Explain the impact of war on American politics through Reconstruction AH1.H.7.2 Explain the impact of wars on the American economy through Reconstruction AH1.H.7.3 Explain the impact of wars on American society and culture through Reconstruction AH1.H.8.4 Analyze multiple perceptions of the “American Dream” in times of prosperity and crisis through Reconstruction Supporting Objectives AHI.H.3.2 Explain how environmental factors i nfluenced the patterns o f migration and settlement withi n the U.S. before the Civil War AH1.H.4.4 Analyze the cultural conflicts that impacted the United States through Reconstruction and the compromises that resulted. AH1.H.5.1 Summarize how the philosophical, ideological and/or religious views on freedom and equality contributed to the development of American political and economic systems through Reconstruction. AH1.H.5.2 Explai n how judicial, legislative and executi ve actions have affected the distribution of power between levels of government from colonization through Reconstruction AH1.H.6.2 Explai n the reasons for i nvolvement i n wars prior to Reconstruction and the i nfluence each involvement had on international affairs AH1.H.8.2 Explai n how opportunity and mobility impacted various groups within American society through Reconstruction AH1.H.8.3 Evaluate the extent to which a variety of groups and i ndividuals have had opportunity to attain their perception of the “American Dream” “Unpacked” Concepts (students need to know) “Unpacked” Skills (students need to be able to do) COGNITION (RBT Level) AH1.H.4.1 □ □ □ AH1.H.4.1 AH1.H.4.1 □ Analyze (impact of war on □ politics) Political Factors Conflicts Compromises AH1.H.7.1 □ □ Political Factors Military Factors AH1.H.7.1 □ Explain (impact of war on politics) AH1.H.7.3 □ Understand AH1.H.7.2 □ Economic Factors AH1.H.7.2 □ Explain (impact of war on economics) AH1.H.7.2 □ Understand AH1.H.7.3 □ □ Social Factors Cultural Factors AH1.H.8.4 □ □ perceptions American Dream AH1.H.7.3 □ Explain (impact of war on social/cultural Factors AH1.H.7.3 □ Understand AH1.H.8.4 □ AH1.H.8.4 □ Analyze (impact of war on social/cultural Factors Analyze Analyze Unit “Chunking” & Enduring Understandings Road to the Civil War National and states' interests and rights often divide a country. War may occur due to lack of compromise. H Essential Factual Content War may effectively impact the economic, social, and political control of a country. War often necessitates a change in norms. C & G The Civil War Period Suggested Lesson Essential Questions G Wilmot Proviso Free Soil Party Stephen Douglas popular sovereignty Compromise of 1850 Fugitive Slave Act Underground Railroad/Harriet Tubman Uncle Tom’s Cabin Kansas-Nebraska Act Bleeding Kansas Brooks-Sumner incident Republican Party Know-Nothing Party nativism Dred Scott decision Lincoln-Douglas Debates (including Freeport Doctrine) John Brown and Harpers Ferry Election of 1860 Crittenden Compromise Why did political compromises fail in the 1850s? Abraham Lincoln Union Confederate States of America Jefferson Davis firing upon Ft. Sumter advantages and disadvantages of both sides Anaconda plan Confederate strategy What were the advantages and disadvantages for the Union and the Confederacy? 7.1,7. 2 During the Civil War, what internal dissension and crises did the Union face? 4.1,7. 1 How did the Civil War impact the social life and economies of the northern, southern, and western 7.2, 7.3 How did social and economic issues in the 1850’s lead to civil war? How did slavery and the failure of compromise contribute to the beginning of the Civil War? How was the United States Civil War an “irrepressible conflict”? 4.1,7. 1 6.2,7. 2, 7.3 4.1, 7.1 6.2,8. 4 E C Reconstruction Period Resolution of a crisis often brings about political, economic and social change. Resolution of a crisis can bring positive and negative results. conscription Raising revenue (i.e. income tax, bonds) writ of habeas corpus wartime politics (i.e. Republican control of government, Copperheads, Homestead Act, Pacific Railway Act) Key Battles (i.e. First Battle of Bull Run, Antietam, Gettysburg, Vicksburg, fall of Atlanta) Emancipation Proclamation role of African Americans in the war (i.e. 54th Massachusetts) Gettysburg Address election of 1864 Appomattox Court House military leadership (i.e. Ulysses Grant, William Tecumseh Sherman, Robert E. Lee, Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson) aspects of modern warfare (i.e. technology, total war, war of attrition) Andersonville assassination states? Reconstruction plans (i.e. Lincoln, Wade-Davis Bill, Johnson, Congress) Military Reconstruction Ku Klux Klan Black codes Freedman’s Bureau sharecropping tenant farming diminishing Northern interest in Reconstruction (i.e. scandals such as Credit Mobilíer, How does the Civil War and Reconstruction redefine the relationship between national and sectional power? How did key battles change the course of the Civil War? 7.1,7. 2, 8.2 How and to what extent were civil liberties impacted by the Civil War? To what extent was the Civil War a “modern war?” How, why, and to what extent did Lincoln expand executive power during war? To what extent did Presidential and Congressional Reconstruction plans succeed? How did Reconstruction impact African Americans and poor Southern whites politically, socially 7.1, 7.2 7.1, 5.2 4.2, 6.2 7.1 7.1,7. 2, 7.3. 8.4 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, Panic of 1873) carpetbagger scalawags Radical Republican 13th, 14th ,15th Amendments impeachment (Tenure of Office Act) Civil Rights Act of 1866 Compromise of 1877 Solid South poll tax/literacy test Jim Crow and economically? What factors led to the end of Reconstruction? 5.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 7.1,7. 2, 7.3 Sub Concepts HISTORY Change War Nationalism GEOGRAPHY Rural/urban Resources CIVICS & GOVERNMENT Power Freedom Authority Historical Thinking and Geography Skill Resources ○ “Straight Ahead” Historical Thinking ECONOMICS CULTURE Needs/Wants Scarcity Resources Values & beliefs Influence Identity □“Uphill” ∆“Mountainous” Geography Skills General Unit Resources ○ “Straight Ahead” □“Uphill” ∆ “Mountainous” ○ Learn NC Freedom: A History of US http://www.shmoop.com/history/ http://www.sascurriculumpathways.com/portal/ Ken Burn’s Civil War American Experience – Reconstruction http://rubistar.4teachers.org/ http://www.hippocampus.org/ □ http://www.gilderlehrman.org/ Gettysburg Address ∆ Emancipation Proclamation http://edsitement.neh.gov/ Photographs Matthew Brady Andersonville (letters) Brooks-Sumner Cartoon “lost cause movement”…poetry, lit., etc. John Brown cartoons Dixie (song) Battle Hymn of the Republic The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down (music) Uncle Tom’s Cabin Compare photos from Union to Confeds Gettysburg (movie); The Killer Angels Glory Class of ‘61 Sectional addresses to Congress – Seward, Toombs Seward (sectional address to Congress . Language Objective EXAMPLES