Download UNIT 6 Study Guide

AP U.S. HISTORY
Unit Six: The Civil War and Reconstruction
Unit Study Guide
Required Reading: Divine Chapters 14-16
Supplemental Reading: Taking Sides: “Was Slavery the Key Issue in the Sectional Conflict Leading to the Civil War?”
Your timeline should focus on the time period covered in the unit and include separate lines for economic, political, social/cultural,
and international (meaning U.S. interactions with other nations) events. For each event, you should include a brief description and
explanations of its significance.
1848
1878
Economic
Political
Social/
Cultural
Int’l
Discussion Questions/Statements: You do not have to answer and submit these. These questions align with AP themes and are
provided to encourage you to reflect and make connections. They can be an excellent review tool, as working with these bigger ideas
will assist in your learning the details.
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Politics and Citizenship:
a. How did the Civil War enhance federal military power and constitutional authority?
b. In what ways was Reconstruction a success and in what ways was it a failure for African Americans?
Economic Transformations: What were the economic developments during the Civil War that created a powerful American
state?
American Diversity: How did Southern and Northern racial attitudes shape Reconstruction, and what effect did
Reconstruction have on race relations and conditions of blacks?
War and Diplomacy: Should the Civil War be seen primarily a war to save the Union or a war to free the slaves?
Focus Questions: Answer these questions and keep answers in UNIT STUDY GUIDE TAB in your UNIT BINDER
Chapter 14
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Explain how the issue of slavery in the territories acquired from Mexico disrupted American politics from 1848 to1850.
Point out the major terms of the Compromise of 1850 and indicate how this agreement attempted to defuse the sectional
crisis over slavery.
Indicate how the Whig party’s disintegration over slavery signaled the end of nonsectional political parties.
Describe the nature and purpose of Douglas’s Kansas-Nebraska Act, and explain why it fiercely rekindled the slavery
controversy that the Compromise of 1850 had been designed to settle.
Enumerate the sequence of major crises, beginning with the Kansas-Nebraska Act, that led up to secession, and explain
the significance of each event.
Trace the growing power of the Republican party in the 1850s.
Analyze the election of 1860, including the split in the Democratic party, the four-way campaign, the sharp sectional
divisions, and Lincoln’s northern-based minority victory.
Chapter 15
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Explain why the slaveholding Border States were so critical to both sides and how Lincoln maneuvered to keep them in the
Union.
Indicate the strengths and weaknesses of both sides at the onset of the war, what strategies each pursued, and why the North’s
strengths could be brought to bear as the war dragged on.
Describe the contest for European political support and intervention, and explain why Britain and France finally refused to
recognize the Confederacy.
Compare Lincoln’s and Davis’s political leadership during the war.
Outline Union’s original military strategy and how Lincoln was forced to adjust it during the course of the War.
6.
Explain the critical importance of the failed Peninsula Campaign and the Battle of Antietam in changing the Civil War from a
limited war for the Union into a total war against slavery.
7. Describe the role that African Americans played during the war.
8. Explain why the battles of Gettysburg in the East and Vicksburg in the West decisively turned the tide toward Union victory
and Confederate defeat.
9. Describe the politics of the War in both North and South, and the end of the South’s hope for winning independence through
a defeat of Lincoln in the election of 1864.
10. Describe the end of the war and list its final consequences.
Chapter 16
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Define the major problems facing the nation and the South after the Civil War.
Analyze the differences between the presidential and congressional approaches to Reconstruction.
Describe the intentions and the actual effects of radical Reconstruction in the South.
Indicate how militant southern white opposition and growing northern weariness with military Reconstruction gradually
undermined Republican attempt to empower Southern blacks.
5. Explain the legacy of Reconstruction, and assess its successes and failures.
Key Terms: These must be in your UNIT BINDER which is checked the day before the unit exam. Who, what, when and why each was significant.
Remember to use website I provided or you may use another source you find more helpful.
Emancipation Proclamation
Gadsden Purchase
gag rule
free soilers
Fugitive Slave Law
Lecompton Constitution
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Republican Party/3rd US Party Sys
Sumner-Brooks Affair
sharecropping
Compromise of 1877
scalawags
redemption (redeemers)
James Buchanan
Booker T. Washington
Ida B. Wells
Crop-lien System
Clara Barton
Ulysses S. Grant
New York Draft Riots
Anaconda Plan
John Brown
Dred Scott v Sandford
popular sovereignty
Homestead Act
William Seward
Harriet Beecher Stowe
perpetual union
Lincoln-Douglas debates
Battle of Antietam
National Banking Act
Edwin Stanton
Freedmen's Bureau
Civil Rights Act of 1866
Franklin Pierce
Zachary Taylor
Atlanta Compromise
Thaddeus Stevens
Carbetbaggers
“Lost Cause”
writ of habeas corpus
Copperheads
“Young America” Movement
Compromise of 1850
bleeding Kansas
Morrill Land Grant Act
Know Nothing/American Party
Crittenden Compromise
Trent Affair
Ostend Manifesto
Uncle Tom's Cabin
black codes
13th, 14th, 15th amendments
radical reconstruction
Jim Crow Laws
Millard Fillmore
Plessy v. Ferguson
Panic of 1873
Ku Klux Klan
Enforcement Acts
William Sherman
Conscription Act
Mathew Brady
Freeport Doctrine