Download Unit 5: 1844-1877 Manifest Destiny, Crisis of the Union, and

Unit 5: 1844-1877
Manifest Destiny,
Crisis of the Union,
and Reconstruction
Key Concept 5.1: The United States became more connected with the world as it pursued an
expansionist foreign policy in the Western Hemisphere and emerged as the destination for many
migrants from other countries.
Key Concept 5.2: Intensified by expansion and deepening regional divisions, debates over slavery
and other economic, cultural, and political issues led the nation into civil war.
UNI
Key Concept 5.3: The Union victory in the Civil War and the contested Reconstruction of the
South settled the issues of slavery and secession, but left unresolved many questions about the
power of the federal government and citizenship rights.
Essential Questions/ Skills:
How and why did the United States open new markets and acquire new territories during this period?
What factors contributed to increased conflicts among Americans?
To what degree did migration and the end of slavery created conflicts over American cultural
identities, citizenship, and the protection of rights for various groups of U.S. inhabitants?
How and why did sectionalism intensify in the 1840s and 50s?
How effective were the various attempts to address the growing problem of sectionalism?
What major factors contributed to the eventual Union victory in the Civil War?
How did the Civil War and Reconstruction change the relationship between the states and the
Federal Government?
How did the Civil War and Reconstruction alter the interactions among the three branches of the
government?
To what extent did the Civil War and Reconstruction resolve issues of power and affect economic
and social patterns?
How did the Reconstruction period affect ideas of American identity, national purpose and
citizenship?
Henry
Clay
A.P. U.S. History
Terms, People, and Concepts:
Treaty of Guadaloupe-Hidalgo
Freeport Doctrine
Transcontinental railroad
Liberty Party
Harper’s Ferry
Lincoln’s 10% Plan
Free Soil Party
Crittenden Compromise
50% Plan (Wade-Davis Bill)
American Party
Whigs
Andrew Johnson
Nat Turner’s Rebellion
Republicans
Freedmen’s Bureau
Wilmot Proviso
Democrats
13th Amendment
Compromise of 1850
Mexican War
14th Amendment
Henry Clay
William Henry Harrison
15th Amendment
Fugitive Slave Act
John Tyler
Civil Rights Act of 1866
Kansas-Nebraska Act
James K. Polk
Tenure of Office Act
Popular sovereignty
Zachary Taylor
Scalawags
Dred Scott decision
Millard Fillmore
Carpetbaggers
Lincoln-Douglas debates
Franklin Pierce
Redeemers
Election of 1860
James Buchanan
Jim Crow Laws
Nullification
Black codes
Sharecropping
Secession
Morrill Land Grant
Lien system
Bleeding Kansas
Homestead Act
Election of 1876
Lecompton Constitution
National Banking Act
Compromise of 1877
John
Tyler
William
Henry
Harrison
Zachary
Taylor
Millard
Fillmore
Franklin
Pierce
James
Buchanan
A.P. U.S. History
The following questions have been asked as AP Free Response (FRQ) and Document Based Questions (DBQ) on
this unit.
1. “By the 1850s the Constitution, originally framed as an instrument of nation unity, had become a source of sectional
discord and tension and ultimately contributed to the failure of the union it had created.”
2. Discuss the changing ideals of American womanhood between the American Revolution (1770s) and the outbreak of
the Civil War. What factors fostered the emergence of “republican motherhood” and the “cult of domesticity”?
Assess the extent to which these ideals influenced the lives of women during this period. In your answer be sure to
consider issues of race and class.
3. Evaluate the impact of the Civil War on political and economic development in TWO of the following regions:
 The South
 The North
 The West
4. In what ways and to what extent did constitutional and social developments between 1860 and 1877 amount to a
revolution?
5. Discuss the political, economic, and social reforms introduced in the South between 1864 and 1877. To what extent
did these reforms survive the Compromise of 1877?
6. Analyze the economic consequences of the Civil War with respect to any TWO of the following in the United States
between 1865 and 1880.
 Agriculture
 Labor
 Industrialization
 Transportation
7. Explain why and how the role of the federal government changed as a result of the Civil War with respect to TWO of
the following during the period 1861-1877.
 Race relations
 Economic development
 Westward expansion