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Transcript
Unit 5: 1844-1877 Manifest Destiny, Crisis of the Union, and Reconstruction Key Concept 5.1: The United States became more connected with the world as it pursued an expansionist foreign policy in the Western Hemisphere and emerged as the destination for many migrants from other countries. Key Concept 5.2: Intensified by expansion and deepening regional divisions, debates over slavery and other economic, cultural, and political issues led the nation into civil war. UNI Key Concept 5.3: The Union victory in the Civil War and the contested Reconstruction of the South settled the issues of slavery and secession, but left unresolved many questions about the power of the federal government and citizenship rights. Essential Questions/ Skills: How and why did the United States open new markets and acquire new territories during this period? What factors contributed to increased conflicts among Americans? To what degree did migration and the end of slavery created conflicts over American cultural identities, citizenship, and the protection of rights for various groups of U.S. inhabitants? How and why did sectionalism intensify in the 1840s and 50s? How effective were the various attempts to address the growing problem of sectionalism? What major factors contributed to the eventual Union victory in the Civil War? How did the Civil War and Reconstruction change the relationship between the states and the Federal Government? How did the Civil War and Reconstruction alter the interactions among the three branches of the government? To what extent did the Civil War and Reconstruction resolve issues of power and affect economic and social patterns? How did the Reconstruction period affect ideas of American identity, national purpose and citizenship? Henry Clay A.P. U.S. History Terms, People, and Concepts: Treaty of Guadaloupe-Hidalgo Freeport Doctrine Transcontinental railroad Liberty Party Harper’s Ferry Lincoln’s 10% Plan Free Soil Party Crittenden Compromise 50% Plan (Wade-Davis Bill) American Party Whigs Andrew Johnson Nat Turner’s Rebellion Republicans Freedmen’s Bureau Wilmot Proviso Democrats 13th Amendment Compromise of 1850 Mexican War 14th Amendment Henry Clay William Henry Harrison 15th Amendment Fugitive Slave Act John Tyler Civil Rights Act of 1866 Kansas-Nebraska Act James K. Polk Tenure of Office Act Popular sovereignty Zachary Taylor Scalawags Dred Scott decision Millard Fillmore Carpetbaggers Lincoln-Douglas debates Franklin Pierce Redeemers Election of 1860 James Buchanan Jim Crow Laws Nullification Black codes Sharecropping Secession Morrill Land Grant Lien system Bleeding Kansas Homestead Act Election of 1876 Lecompton Constitution National Banking Act Compromise of 1877 John Tyler William Henry Harrison Zachary Taylor Millard Fillmore Franklin Pierce James Buchanan A.P. U.S. History The following questions have been asked as AP Free Response (FRQ) and Document Based Questions (DBQ) on this unit. 1. “By the 1850s the Constitution, originally framed as an instrument of nation unity, had become a source of sectional discord and tension and ultimately contributed to the failure of the union it had created.” 2. Discuss the changing ideals of American womanhood between the American Revolution (1770s) and the outbreak of the Civil War. What factors fostered the emergence of “republican motherhood” and the “cult of domesticity”? Assess the extent to which these ideals influenced the lives of women during this period. In your answer be sure to consider issues of race and class. 3. Evaluate the impact of the Civil War on political and economic development in TWO of the following regions: The South The North The West 4. In what ways and to what extent did constitutional and social developments between 1860 and 1877 amount to a revolution? 5. Discuss the political, economic, and social reforms introduced in the South between 1864 and 1877. To what extent did these reforms survive the Compromise of 1877? 6. Analyze the economic consequences of the Civil War with respect to any TWO of the following in the United States between 1865 and 1880. Agriculture Labor Industrialization Transportation 7. Explain why and how the role of the federal government changed as a result of the Civil War with respect to TWO of the following during the period 1861-1877. Race relations Economic development Westward expansion