Download Chapter 9 Study Guide - Merrillville Community School

Chapter 16 Study Guide
APUSH
Overview
This chapter covers the deadliest challenge to community and identity— a civil war. Both sides
began the war underestimating its seriousness, scope, and duration. Northern generals such
as Grant and Sherman recognized the arrival of a more modern style of warfare and fought
accordingly. The entire American community went to war, except ironically the southern
planter elite who had the largest stake in the outcome. As American men and women served
in the military, helped out in many community support organizations, or fled to the Union
lines, their lives changed dramatically. The North’s advantage in population and industry
finally proved too much for the South to withstand, although victory hung in the balance until
nearly the very end of the conflict. Lincoln prepared a generous reconstruction plan that he
hoped would rebuild a sense of unity and loyalty. Lee’s surrender in April of 1865 was marred
by the assassination of Lincoln later that same month.
Learning Goals
After reading this chapter you should be able to:
Describe how each community, North and South, connected to its soldiers at war, including a
comparison of the two communities.
Outline the immediate outbreak of the war from Fort Sumter to Bull Run, including initial
strategies and the relative strengths of both sides.
Summarize the actions of Lincoln and the Republicans in conducting and financing the war.
Summarize the actions of Jefferson Davis and various Confederate leaders in conducting the
war, including the problems associated with southern nationalism and state’s rights.
Discuss the major strategies, battles, and outcomes from 1862 to 1865.
Explain what the war and various Union legislative acts and reconstruction plans meant to
African Americans, particularly slaves and former slaves.
Describe the difficulties the South had combining the “states’ rights” doctrine, the Southern
social structure, and antagonism toward the North into a coherent and workable southern
nationalism. (Review chapters 11 and 15.)
Key Terms:
Legal Tender Act
National Bank Act
Morrill Tariff Act
Homestead Act
Morrill Land Grant Act
Peninsular Campaign
Emancipation Proclamation
People:
Abraham Lincoln
Jefferson Davis
Robert E. Lee
George McClellan
Ulysses S. Grant
William Sherman
Joe Johnston
Thirteenth Amendment
Copperheads
New York City Draft Riots
Appomattox Courthouse
Total War
54th Massachusetts
George Meade
Thomas Jackson
Short Answer Questions
You need to respond to the following questions in no less than two sentences.
Who was “Mother” Bickerdyke, and what role did she play in the Civil War?
What dilemma did Lincoln face with Fort Sumter?
Why were the border-states important to the Union?
What controversial actions did Lincoln take to keep control of the border-states?
Compare and Contrast the North and South on the eve of the Civil War in terms
of advantages that each had.
6. What steps did Lincoln take to prepare the North for war?
7. What were some ways that the federal government expanded its power during the
Civil War?
8. What role did Secretary of State William Seward play during the Civil War?
9. What problems did the Confederates face early in the War?
10. What was the Peninsular Campaign, and what was the result?
11. How was the war going for the Union in the West?(Mississippi and Tenn.)
12. Who were Quantrell’s Raiders?
13. What role did naval forces play in the Civil War, and how effective were they?
14. What did blacks do as the Union troops moved South?
15. What was the Emancipation Proclamation, and why didn’t Lincoln end slavery all
together?
16. What impact did the Emancipation Proclamation have on blacks enlisting in the
army?
17. What was life like for blacks that enlisted in the army?
18. What were some reasons for the high casualty rates of the Civil War?
19. What duties did the nurses perform during the Civil War?
20. Describe what life was like for the common soldier of the Civil War?
21. How did Lincoln deal with Confederate sympathizers?
22. Lincoln is viewed now as a great leader, but how did people in his own party view
him?
23. What economic problems did the North and South face during the Civil War?
24. What was the cause and effect of the 1863 Draft Riots in NYC?
25. How was 1863 the turning point of the Civil War?
26. How did Grant and Sherman’s tactics change in 1864?
27. What challenges did Lincoln face during the 1864 Election?
28. How did the Civil War end differently than most other Civil Wars?
29. How could Lincoln be considered the most tormented president in American
History?
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