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Chapter 23 Atomic Physics Lecture Questions: 1) What is a photon? Do all photons have the same energy? What is a quantum value? Give some examples of other quantum values besides the photon. Write the equation relating the frequency of a photon to its energy. Does a photon fit better in the particle or wave nature of light? What does an electron volt measure? How many Joules are in an electron volt? 2) What is a blackbody? As the temperature of a blackbody increases what does classical mechanics predict for the intensity of different wavelengths of EM radiation that are emitted from a blackbody? Draw the actual intensitywavelength curve of a blackbody. How did Planck resolve the ultraviolet catastrophe? Write the formula relating the frequency of a photon to its energy. 3) Describe the photoelectric effect. Explain why light below the threshold frequency will not cause photoelectrons to be released no matter how bright its intensity. What will happen if the intensity of a light above the threshold is increased? What happens if the frequency of the light is increased? Define work function. Write the equation relating the kinetic energy of the photoelectrons to a metal’s work function and the energy of the photons hitting it. List some uses of the photoelectric effect. 4) Describe Compton’s observation about the momentum of photons after they collide with electrons. Would you ever see an increase in the energy of a photon after the collision? If so, when? 5) List some examples of phenomena that show the particle nature of light. List examples of phenomena that show the wave nature of light? When does light act like a particle? How about a wave? 6) In 1924 what did Louis DeBroglie propose about matter in his doctoral thesis? Why isn’t the wavelike nature of megascopic objects observed? Write the equation for the DeBroglie wavelength of an object. 7) Describe the Bohr model of the atom. What phenomena was this model able to explain? 8) Explain the cause of spectral lines produced by an excited gas. What does the color of each line depend upon? Why does each element have its own set of spectral lines? 9) Is an electron more wavelike or particle like? Use this to explain why electrons can only exist at certain distances from the nucleus of an atom. 10) State the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. How does this rule change the Bohr model of the atom? Practice Problems: 1) Yellow light with a frequency of 6.0x1014 Hz is the predominant frequency in sunlight. In units of the eV, what is the energy carried by one photon of this light? 2) A quantum of a certain color of visible light is found to have an energy of 5.0x10-19Joules. What is the frequency of this light? 3) A vibrating mass spring system has a frequency of 0.56 Hz. How much energy of this vibration is carried away in a one quantum change? 4) Radiation emitted from human skin reaches its peak at =940m. A) What is the frequency of this radiation? B) How much energy is carried in one photon of these waves? 5) Which of the following metals will exhibit the photoelectric effect when light of 7.0 x 1014 Hz is shined on it? A) lithium hft = 2.3eV B) silver hft = 4.7eV C) cesium hft = 1.9eV 6) For the metals listed above what is the maximum KE of the photoelectrons? 7) Light of the wavelength 350 nm falls on a potassium surface, and the photoelectrons have a maximum KE of 1.3 eV. What is the work function of potassium? What is the threshold frequency of potassium? 8) Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of an electron(m=9.109 x 10-31 kg) moving at 1.00 x 107 m/s. 9) If the de Broglie wavelength of an electron is equal to 5.00 x 10-7 m, how fast is the electron moving? 10) A bacterium moving across a petri dish at 3.5m/s, has a de Broglie wavelength of 1.9 x 10-13 m. What is the bacterium’s mass? Schedule: Day: Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Class Activity: Lab: Quantum Stations Lecture: Waves behaving like particles Lecture: Particles behaving as waves Homework Review Friday Chapter 23 Quiz Homework Due: None None None Chp. 23 Qs. 1-13,14,16,18, 20-38, 40, 42 Notebook