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Download Name Date ____/ ____/____ Period ____ Test Review, Chapter 11
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Transcript
Name _____________________________________ Date ____/ ____/____ Period ____ Test Review, Chapter 11; The Evolution of Populations _________________________________________________________________________________ 1. Would a population with a lot of genetic variation or little genetic variation (circle one) be more likely to have individuals that can adapt to a changing environment? Explain. 2. What is natural selection? 3. What are two major sources of genetic variation? First: Second: Describe: Describe: 4. Draw a curve using the graph which indicates a certain trait in a population is not under any selective pressure. What would a curve of such a population look like? 5. Over many generations, certain insect species have become more and more resistant to insecticides. What type of natural selection is this an example of, and how does it differ from the other types? Example: _____________________________ Describe: ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 6. Describe how gene flow can increase genetic variation within two neighboring populations. 1|Page 7. How are the effects of genetic drift similar to the effects of having a small sample size in a scientific experiment? 8. What are the two types of genetic drift? Describe each one. a. _______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ b. _______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 9. Give an example of how sexual selection can cause extreme phenotypes in a population. 10. In a population which is undergoing evolution, allele frequencies change due to chance alone. This is an example of ________________ ______________. 11. What are the five conditions necessary for a population to stay in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? a. _______________________________________________________ b. _______________________________________________________ c. _______________________________________________________ d. _______________________________________________________ e. _______________________________________________________ 12. Populations that meet these above five conditions are ___________ evolving. 13. What are the five factors that can lead to evolution? a. ______________________________________________________ b. ______________________________________________________ c. ______________________________________________________ d. ______________________________________________________ e. ______________________________________________________ 2|Page 14. Describe three types of barriers that can cause populations to become reproductively isolated from each other. a. ______________________________________________ b. ______________________________________________ c. ______________________________________________ 15. Explain why mutation and genetic drift are random events, while natural selection is NOT. Mutation: _______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Genetic Drift: _____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 16. Speciation is the rise of two or more species from one existing species. What process keeps the number of total species on Earth from growing exponentially through speciation? 17. How can reproductive isolation lead to speciation? 18. What is the difference between coevolution and convergent evolution? 19. How does coevolution shape two species over time? 20. What is the relationship between speciation and the theory of punctuated equilibrium? 21. When a species is unable to adapt to a change in its environment then that species may become _____________________. 3|Page 22. Using the three graphs below, graph and describe the three ways natural selection can change the distribution of traits. 23. Which distribution would represent a population whereby an extreme phenotype or trait is selected for? 24. What type of distribution occurs when all phenotypes provide an equal chance of survival? 4|Page